Full text
| |
| Author(s): |
Aurea Juliana Bombo
Total Authors: 1
|
| Document type: | Master's Dissertation |
| Press: | São Paulo. |
| Institution: | Universidade de São Paulo (USP). Faculdade de Saúde Pública (FSP/CIR) |
| Defense date: | 2006-08-24 |
| Examining board members: |
Jose Alfredo Gomes Areas;
Deborah Helena Markowicz Bastos;
Inar Alves de Castro
|
| Advisor: | Jose Alfredo Gomes Areas |
| Abstract | |
Extrusion cooking is a very important process for the food industry, used to manufacture a series of products as expanded snack foods, breakfast cereals, texturized proteins, etc. Corn snacks are nick-named as junked foods" or are being considered foods with calories and no nutrients. Nevertheless they are largely consumed by the population, and this consumption has grown considerably in the past years, because of that, to improve nutritional value of those products will have a significative impact in population health. The aim of this work was to develop a process to obtain a corn based snack added of flaxseed with high nutritive quality that could be useful in nutritional programs. After initial experiments, 2 central composite designs (D1 and D2) were modeled, with 3 independent variables: moisture, temperature and flaxseed addition. The dependent (response) variables were: expansion ratio (ER) and shear strength (SS) because they are highly correlated with acceptability. The regression analysis for the quadratic model showed: D1: R2 = 89% (ER) and 84% (SS), but the model showed lack of fit; D2: R2 = 84% (ER) and 70% (SS), the model didnt show lack of fit and the regression was statistically significant only for ER (p< 0.05). The results indicated that linear effects of both moisture and temperature, second order effect of temperature and interaction between moisture and temperature were significant. Flaxseed addition wasnt significant. The derivatives of ER indicated an optimum point that reproduced maximum expansion. The optimum snack (30% flaxseed) has the composition (d.s.b.): 14.7% protein, 0.2% lipids, 1.7% ash, 4.9% soluble fiber and 10.3% insoluble fiber. The sensorial analysis revealed that color was rejected and flavor, texture and general aspect were accepted. Comparing to the traditional corn snacks that have less than 2% of fiber, the corn based flax snack besides the increment in protein can be named high content of fiber" according to the Brazilian legislation. (AU) | |