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| Author(s): |
Maira Guiraldeli Granero
Total Authors: 1
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| Document type: | Master's Dissertation |
| Press: | Pirassununga. |
| Institution: | Universidade de São Paulo (USP). Faculdade de Zootecnica e Engenharia de Alimentos (FZE/BT) |
| Defense date: | 2012-09-03 |
| Examining board members: |
Cíntia Bernardo Gonçalves;
Eduardo Augusto Caldas Batista;
Christianne Elisabete da Costa Rodrigues
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| Advisor: | Cíntia Bernardo Gonçalves |
| Abstract | |
The acquisition of viscosity data is critical for the design of equipments and pipes, as well as for the process optimization, since this property affects both the energy loss by friction in fluids, such as the mechanisms of mass and heat transfer. The present work aimed the measurement of experimental viscosity data for mixtures containing commercial fatty acids and alcoholic solvents of different sizes of carbon chain (ethanol, 2-propanol, 1-butanol, 1-pentanol and 1-hexanol), with or without the addition of water, varying the temperature from the melting point of the fatty compound to the boiling point of each solvent. These data were grouped together to experimental viscosity data of triacylglycerols (TAG) and fatty acids (FA) mixtures that were already available in the literature, to obtain interaction parameters between the forming functional groups of the components present in the systems studied, using the group contribution model UNIFAC-VISCO. In a first approach, only the parameters not available in the literature were adjusted obtaining an average error equal to 10.21%. The modeling was also performed by adjusting all interaction parameters, including those already published, obtaining in this second approach, an average error equal to 7.54%. The predictive ability of parameters obtained was tested in similar mixtures containing vegetable oils or animal fats, fatty acids and alcoholic solvents, whose viscosities were also determined in this work, but were not part of the database used in the modeling. The obtained results were compared to other known models for the calculation of viscosities of mixtures, such as the Kay\'s Rule, the Kendall and Monroe model and the CG-UNIMOD. For comparative purposes, this data set was also adjusted to the Grunberg-Nissan equation, in which interaction parameters between the components of mixtures were obtained. The predictive tests showed that the UNIFAC-VISCO model provided the lowest relative errors for most of the mixtures studied, but still quite high in some cases. On the other hand, the Grunberg-Nissan model provided relative errors much smaller, which was expected, since the viscosities of each system were correlated by the model. (AU) | |
| FAPESP's process: | 09/11083-9 - VISCOSITIES OF MIXTURES OF SHORT-CHAIN ALCOHOLS AND FATTY COMPOUNDS: NEW PARAMETERS TO UNIFAC-VISCO MODEL |
| Grantee: | Maira Guiraldeli Granero |
| Support Opportunities: | Scholarships in Brazil - Master |