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| Author(s): |
Karen Lucasechi Lopes
Total Authors: 1
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| Document type: | Doctoral Thesis |
| Press: | São Paulo. |
| Institution: | Universidade de São Paulo (USP). Faculdade de Medicina (FM/SBD) |
| Defense date: | 2006-10-19 |
| Examining board members: |
Joel Claudio Heimann;
Frida Zaladek Gil;
Claudia Maria de Barros Helou;
Vanda Jorgetti;
Dorothy Nigro
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| Advisor: | Joel Claudio Heimann |
| Abstract | |
Epidemiologic studies reported that insults during the intrauterine life have been associated with many abnormalites such low birth weigth, type 2 diabetes, hypertension and obesity in adulthood[1]. Low birth weight and obesity in adulthood were observed in offspring of undernourished dams. In addition, a high expression of genes related with lipid metabolism, and a low expression of the leucyl-specific aminopetidase gene, an enzyme that inactivates angiotensin II (AII) was also observed in offspring of undernourished dams. AII is capable to regulate and stimulate many factors that can change the brown (BAT) and white adipose tissue (WAT) metabolism, like a prostaglandin, lipogenic enzymes (GPDH and FAS), cAMP, catecholamins, mitochondrial uncoupling protein one (UCP1) and prolactin (PRL). It is well estabilish that low sodium diet stimulates the RAS. Therefore, low sodium diet during pregnancy may alter fetus development due to an effect of AII. The objective of this study was to evaluate the function of the circulating and adipose tissue, kidney and heart RAS in the adult offspring of dams that received differents contents of salt during the pregnancy and lactation. Wistar rats were fed a low (LSD), normal (NSD) or high (HSD:) salt diet since 8 weeks of age. Subgroups that received RAS blockers or AII were also studied. BW was measured since birth until adulthood. At 12 weeks of age, the mesenteric (MES), gonadal (GON), and retroperitoneal (RET) white adipose tissue (WAT), brown adipose tissue, heart and kidney were excised and stored. Low birth weight was observed in offspring of dams on salt restriction during pregnancy and lactation. Higher adiposity index, higher protein expression of the angiotensin I converting enzyme in inguinal fat tissue, and lower protein expression of the AT2 receptor in brown adipose tissue were observed in adult female offspring of salt restricted dams during the perinatal period. Plasma renin activity was higher in adult male offspring of salt restricted dams. Dietary salt overload during the perinatal period also induced lower birth weight but only in female offspring in which higher inguinal adipose tissue mass was observed in adulthood. In conclusion, changes in adipose tissue and renin-angiotensin system occur in female but not in male adult offspring in response to salt overload and restriction during pregnancy and lactation. (AU) | |