Effects of aflatoxin, fumonisin and curcumin, alone or in combination, on the humoral immune response and determination of biotransformation products in broiler chickens

Author(s)

Diane Valgañon de Neeff

• Document type: Doctoral Thesis
• Press: Pirassununga.
• Institution: Universidade de São Paulo (USP). Faculdade de Zootecnica e Engenharia de Alimentos (FZE/BT)
• Defense date: 2016-09-12

Examining board members

Carlos Augusto Fernandes de Oliveira; Ricardo de Albuquerque; Helena Lage Ferreira; Fernando Silva Ramalho

• Advisor: Carlos Augusto Fernandes de Oliveira

Abstract

The objective of this research project was to evaluate the effects of AFB1 and FB1, alone or in combination and associated or not with an antioxidant (turmeric) in broiler chickens, using the following treatments (T): T1 (control): 0 AFB1 + 0 FB1 + 0 Turmeric; T2: 0 AFB1 + 0 FB1 + 222 mg/kg Turmeric; T3: 0 AFB1 + 20 mg/kg FB1 + 0 Turmeric; T4: 0 AFB1 + 20 mg/kg FB1 + 222 mg/kg Turmeric; T5: 0.5 mg/kg AFB1 + 0 FB1 + 0 Turmeric; T6: 0.5 mg/kg AFB1 + 0 FB1 + 222 mg/kg Turmeric; T7: 0.5 mg/kg AFB1 + 20 mg/kg FB1 + 0 Turmeric; T8: 0.5 mg/kg AFB1 + 20 mg/kg FB1 + 222 mg/kg Turmeric. The parameters evaluated included: feed conversion, weight gain, food intake, serum proteins, hematology, liver enzymes, histopathology of viscera, vaccine response and residues of aflatoxin and fumonisin in tissues of viscera and muscles. Data were analyzed as a 2 x 2 x 2 factorial by analysis of variance. There was no significant interaction for the three analyzed factors on the performance, but there were significant differences in the diets containing aflatoxin when compared to the other diets, for all variables analyzed. AST and LDH were the only significant variables for the interaction of all factors (AFB1, FB1 e CMT), but other variables, with the exception of GGT, showed significant difference in diets containing aflatoxin when compared to other diets for all the variables analyzed. Histopathological lesions in the liver, kidney and bursa of Fabricius were gradually increased from the control treatment to aflatoxin and fumonisin treatment, with or without turmeric, with the most severe effect being observed in the organs of these treatments. There was no significant variable for the interaction of all factors evaluated for organ biometry, but liver, kidney and heart showed a significant difference in diets containing aflatoxin when compared to other diets for all variables analyzed. No variable was significant for the interaction of all factors evaluated for the blood test at 21 days, but at 42 days leukocytes, lymphocytes and basophils showed significant differences for the interaction of all factors. There was no statistical difference for the interaction of all factors analyzed for antibody titers to Newcastle disease. The residues of FB2 in the liver and AFB2 in the pectoral muscle were significant for the interaction of all the factors. The results showed no effect of turmeric powder in reducing the deleterious effects of aflatoxin and fumonisin. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 13/13592-3 - Effects of aflatoxin, fumonisin and curcumin, alone or in combination, on the humoral immune response and determination of biotrnsformation products in broiler chickens
• Grantee: Diane Valganon de Neeff
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Doctorate