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| Author(s): |
Percíllia Victória Santos de Oliveira
Total Authors: 1
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| Document type: | Doctoral Thesis |
| Press: | São Paulo. |
| Institution: | Universidade de São Paulo (USP). Faculdade de Medicina (FM/SBD) |
| Defense date: | 2019-06-05 |
| Examining board members: |
Francisco Rafael Martins Laurindo;
Suely Kazue Nagahashi Marie;
Marcelo Larami Santoro
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| Advisor: | Francisco Rafael Martins Laurindo |
| Abstract | |
Protein disulfide isomerase (PDI) is a dithiol-disulfide oxidoreductase chaperone from thioredoxin superfamily which catalyzes introduction, reduction or isomerization of disulfide bonds in nascent proteins, typically destined to extracellular secretion or membrane insertion. PDI is primarily located into the endoplasmic reticulum; however, there are clear evidences for the presence of a small PDI fraction at the cell surface and extracellular milieu in several cell types. Particularly in platelets and endothelial cells, such peri/epicellular pool of PDIA1 (pecPDI) is involved in distinct processes including platelet activation/thrombosis, viral infection and vascular remodeling. The absence of PDI (and other thiol isomerases) from circulating plasma has been proposed as a mechanism to prevent thrombogenesis in the absence of vascular injury. However, this question remains unclear, as there is little information on the circulating levels of PDI and other vascular thiol isomerases. Here we investigated the occurrence and physiological significance of a circulating pool of PDI in healthy humans. We validated an assay for detecting PDI in plasma of healthy individuals. The results showed a detectable pool of plasma PDI by ELISA, confirmed by immunoprecipitation and activity assay (dieosin-GSSG inhibitable by rutin, a specific PDI inhibitor). PDI levels (median= 330 pg/mL) exhibited high interindividual variability, ranging from undetectable/low (PDI-poor plasma, defined as <= 330 pg/mL) until 1000 pg/mL (PDI-rich plasma, > 330 pg/mL). Remarkably, opposite to interindividual variability, the intra-individual variability was quite low, so that values assessed under distinct conditions over time were close and reproducible. The majority (60-80%) of plasma PDI is in the reduced state, without any difference among individuals with PDIpoor and PDI-rich plasma. Importantly, plasma PDI levels could discriminate between distinct plasma proteome signatures, with PDI-rich plasma differentially expressing proteins related to cell differentiation, protein processing, housekeeping functions and others, while PDI-poor plasma differentially displayed proteins associated with coagulation, inflammatory responses and immunoactivation. Platelet activity assessed by aggregation was similar between PDI-poor vs. PDI-rich plasma. However, soluble PDI was decreased after platelet activation in both groups, suggesting sequestration of plateletderived PDI by its potential substrates. In other set of experiments, we showed that such protein signatures closely correlated with endothelial function and phenotype, since cultured endothelial cells incubated with PDI-poor or PDI-rich plasma recapitulated gene expression and secretome patterns in line with their corresponding plasma signatures. Furthermore, such signatures translated into functional responses, with PDI-poor plasma promoting impairment of endothelial adhesion to fibronectin and a disturbed pattern of wound-associated migration and recovery area. In contrast, PDI-rich plasma did not significantly affect cell adhesion and supported organized endothelial migration. In another dataset, patients with cardiovascular events had lower PDI levels (median= 35 pg/mL) vs. healthy individuals. In conclusion, a PDI pool detectable in plasma from healthy individuals is associated with distinct proteomic profiles and seems to behave as an indicator/marker of proteomic signatures related with endothelial function and signaling. This is the first study describing PDI levels as reporters of specific plasma proteome signatures directly promoting contrasting endothelial phenotypes and functional responses (AU) | |
| FAPESP's process: | 14/20595-1 - Protein Disulfide Isomerase (PDI) as a marker of risk for thrombosis and/or accelerated progression of atherosclerosis in patients with familial hipercholesterolemia and in experimental model |
| Grantee: | Percíllia Victória Santos de Oliveira |
| Support Opportunities: | Scholarships in Brazil - Doctorate (Direct) |