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| Author(s): |
Marjorie Ayumi Omori
Total Authors: 1
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| Document type: | Master's Dissertation |
| Press: | Ribeirão Preto. |
| Institution: | Universidade de São Paulo (USP). Faculdade de Odontologia de Ribeirão Preto (PCARP/BC) |
| Defense date: | 2018-08-31 |
| Examining board members: |
Erika Calvano Kuchler;
João Batista de Paiva;
Ary dos Santos Pinto;
Raquel Assed Bezerra Segato
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| Advisor: | Erika Calvano Kuchler |
| Abstract | |
Sex hormones play an important role on bone metabolism. In addition, genetic polymorphisms in genes expressed during craniofacial development are associated with dimensional changes in maxilla and mandible. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate, using animal models and human genetics, the role of estrogen and genetic polymorphisms in its receptors (ERα and ERβ ), codified by ESR1 and ESR2, in the dimensional alterations of the maxilla and the mandible. A total of 40 Wistar rats were divided into 2 groups: Ovariectomized (to stimulate estrogen deficiency) and Sham. Radiographic exams of rats craniofacial region were performed, the first at 21 days, the second at 45 days and the last at 90 days old. Cephalometric measurements of maxilla and mandible were obtained to evaluate the vertical and sagittal skeletal alterations. After euthanasia, anatomical parts of interesting regions were used to performed immunohistochemistry and real time PCR for ESR1 and ESR2. In parallel, a total of 143 genomic DNA samples and cephalometric data of these individuals were evaluated for genetic polymorphisms by real time PCR (allele discrimination method). The results were grouped according to the different tests; continuous variables were evaluated with parametric and/or non-parametric test to compare means between groups. Chi-square and Fishers exact tests were used to evaluate the association of facial skeletal pattern with genotypic and allelic distributions in the human population (5% alpha). In the animal model, it was possible to detect an increase in the maxillary and mandibular dimensions of ovariectomized group (p0,05). There was no difference in the mRNA expression of both genes (p>0.05). Moreover, the ERβ presence was confirmed at mandibles growth sites of both groups. In the human population, it was possible to identify statistically significant association in cephalometric measures and polymorphisms in ESR1 and ESR2 (p0.05). Therefore, in conclusion, estrogen has an important role in the mandible and maxilla growth and development in the animal model, and genetic polymorphisms in estrogen receptors are associated with facial skeletal patterns (AU) | |
| FAPESP's process: | 16/13982-4 - Evaluation of the role of estrogen in the growth and development of the maxilla and mandible |
| Grantee: | Marjorie Ayumi Omori |
| Support Opportunities: | Scholarships in Brazil - Master |