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| Author(s): |
Valéria de Carvalho Santos
Total Authors: 1
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| Document type: | Master's Dissertation |
| Press: | São Paulo. |
| Institution: | Universidade de São Paulo (USP). Conjunto das Químicas (IQ e FCF) (CQ/DBDCQ) |
| Defense date: | 2009-03-06 |
| Examining board members: |
Adalberto Pessoa Junior;
Joao Carlos Monteiro de Carvalho;
Francislene Andreia Hasmann
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| Advisor: | Adalberto Pessoa Junior |
| Abstract | |
Clavulanic acid is a potent inhibitor of β-lactamases that is used as a therapeutic in conjunction with amoxicillin. Its industrial process of production involves bacterial growing in a batch process, while its purification is carried out mainly by process of liquid-liquid extraction with organic solvents and chromatographic steps. Thus, alternative methods like the purification employing two-phase aqueous micellar systems, which offer both hydrophobic and hydrophilic environments to solute species and allow selectivity in partitioning depending on the hydrophobicity of biomolecules, are of great concern. This work studied the feasibility of using two-phase aqueous mixed (nonionic/anionic) micellar systems formed by nonionic surfactant Triton X-114 and anionic surfactant AOT to extract clavulanic acid from broths fermented by Streptomyces clavuligerus in batch process. The stability of clavulanic acid at different values of pH, salts and their concentration, temperature and in the presence of different surfactants was investigated so as to limit the areas to be submitted to further studies. The cloud-point of the systems Triton X-114/Buffer and Triton X-114/AOT/Buffer was also determined under different conditions, and studies were performed on partitioning the biomolecule between the phases and the time needed to balance of the system. From these initial investigations the following levels of the variables were defined: concentration of AOT (0.50, 0.75, and 1.00 mM), Triton X-114 (1, 3 and 5% w/w), NaCl (0, 0.05 and 0.10 M) and temperature (24, 26 and 28°C), whose influences on the partition coefficient (KCA) and yield in the top phase (nCA) were investigated using factorial design. Statistical analysis and the mathematical model derived from the results allowed obtaining KCA≈ 1.65 e nCA≈ 71.58%. However, the statistical analysis using the response nCA indicated experimental conditions devoid of any physico-chemical meaning. In serial experiments performed with Triton X-114 3% w/w, Mcllvaine buffer at 6.5 pH and gradual addition of AOT, an increase in the concentration of anionic surfactant led to higher KCA and mass balance (BMCA≈ 85%). Thus, is possible conclude that the two-phase aqueous mixed micellar system provides low loss and partition to dilute phase, which is an advantage because it implies less problems in a subsequent step of purification. (AU) | |