Full text
| |
| Author(s): |
Cristina Eunice Okuyama
Total Authors: 1
|
| Document type: | Doctoral Thesis |
| Press: | Campinas, SP. |
| Institution: | Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP). Faculdade de Ciências Médicas |
| Defense date: | 2006-11-21 |
| Examining board members: |
Gilberto De Nucci;
Jose Luiz Donato;
Marta Helena Krieger;
José Pedrazzoli Junior;
Marcelo Nicolas Muscara
|
| Advisor: | Gilberto De Nucci |
| Abstract | |
Pharmacological compounds that release nitric oxide (NO) have been useful tools for evaluating the broad role of NO in physiopathology and therapeutics of several diseases. Studies show that lack of NO can cause several diseases such as hypertension. Thus, the addition of a NO molecule in drugs previously studied has been reported by some researchers in the last decade. They look for the combination of the pharmacologic properties of each drug, plus exogenous NO properties. This work has compared the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of enalapril and a NO-releasing enalapril molecule (NCX899) in conscious male Beagles. The effects of both enalapril and NCX899 in the arterial hypertension, bradycardia and peripheral vasoconstriction induced by acute NO inhibition in anesthetized dogs have also been investigated. In the pharmacokinetic evaluation, dogs received either NCX899 (4 µmol/Kg) or Enalapril (4 µmol/Kg) intravenously. Later, the plasma concentrations of the analytes and metabolites were quantified by liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS-MS). In the NCX899 group, the area under time-course curve (AUC0-24h) was 29.18 ± 4.72, 229.37 ± 51.32 and 5159.23 ± 514.88 µgh/l for the nitro-enalapril, enalapril and enalaprilat analytes, respectively. In the Enalapril group, the AUC0-24h was 704.53 ± 158.86 and 4149.27 ± 847.30 µgh/l for the enalapril and enalaprilat analytes, respectively. The statistical analysis between both groups showed a significant difference for the enalapril analyte, but not for enalaprilat, the active metabolite. Moreover, NCX899 and Enalapril were equally effective on inhibiting the activity of serum angiotensin-converting enzyme. In anesthetized dogs, intravenous administration of the NO synthase (NOS) inhibitor N?-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME; 0.1-10 mg/kg) significantly elevated arterial blood pressure with concomitant bradycardia. The compound NCX899 significantly attenuated arterial hypertension, bradycardia and peripheral vasoconstriction, whereas Enalapril had no significant effect. In addition, our work showed that NCX899 also has properties of inhibiting the activity of platelets aggregation. In conclusion, our results showed that the NO-releasing derivative of enalapril NCX899 presents a pharmacokinetic / pharmacodynamic relationship similar to the enalapril compound. Moreover, different from Enalapril, NCX899 presented protective effect in the cardiovascular alterations induced by acute NOS inhibition (AU) | |