Effect of probiotics on the development of induced periapical lesion in rats

Author(s)

Leopoldo Cosme Silva

• Document type: Doctoral Thesis
• Press: Araçatuba. 2019-05-06.
• Institution: Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp). Faculdade de Odontologia. Araçatuba
• Defense date: 2019-05-03
• Advisor: João Eduardo Gomes Filho

Abstract

Aim:The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect of systemic administration of probiotics on haematological, microbiological parameters of the root canal and saliva and on the development of apical periodontitis (AP) induced in ratsMaterials and Methods:Twenty-four male Wistar rats were used. PA was induced in the lower and upper first molars (left and right side). The animals were divided into three groups: control, Lactobacillus rhamnosusand Lactobacillus acidophilus. Probiotics were administered by gavage (109 colony forming units (CFU)) diluted in 5 mL of water during the developmental period of PA (30 days). On the thirtieth day, cardiac puncture was performed for hemogram, calcium, phosphorus and alkaline phosphatase concentration in the blood. In addition, a microbiological analysis of the root canal and saliva contents was performed. Afterwards, the animals were euthanized and the mandible and maxilla were removed for analysis of PA by computerized microtomography; interleukin 10 (IL-10), interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β), interleukin 6 (IL-6), receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL), osteoprotegerin (OPG) and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP). The data were statistically analyzed with significance level of 5%.Results:Alkaline phosphatase was higher in the groups that consumed probiotics (p>0.05). The total count of microorganisms in the root canal/saliva, inflammatory infiltrate and immunolabeling for IL-1β and IL-6 in BP were lower in the probiotic groups when compared to the control group (p<0.05). It was observed that IL-10 was more immunolabelled in the probiotic groups than in the control group (p<0.05). Lower volume of bone resorption was observed in the groups that consumed probiotics (p<0.05). Immunoblotting for RANKL and TRAP were lower in probiotic groups when compared to control (p<0.05). It was observed that OPG was more immunolabelled in the Lactobacillus acidophilusgroup than in the Lactobacillus rhamnosusgroup and control (p<0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in the lactobacillus count in the root canal / saliva as well as in the hematological profile, calcium and phosphorus between the groups (p>0.05).Conclusion:Supplementation with probiotics (Lactobacillus rhamnosusand Lactobacillus acidophilus) had a significant effect on the reduction of PA severity in rats, as well as the reduction of total root canal/saliva microorganisms concomitantly with increased alkaline phosphatase blood, demonstrating the capacity of probiotics in modulating the development of PA. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 17/08314-5 - Probiotics effect on the periodical lesion development induced in rats
• Grantee: Leopoldo Cosme Silva
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Doctorate