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| Author(s): |
Luciana Principal Antunes
Total Authors: 1
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| Document type: | Doctoral Thesis |
| Press: | São Paulo. |
| Institution: | Universidade de São Paulo (USP). Conjunto das Químicas (IQ e FCF) (CQ/DBDCQ) |
| Defense date: | 2016-09-05 |
| Examining board members: |
Aline Maria Da Silva;
Welington Luiz de Araujo;
Regina Lúcia Baldini;
Emmanuel Dias Neto;
Sandro Roberto Marana
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| Advisor: | Aline Maria Da Silva; João Carlos Setubal |
| Abstract | |
Composting harbors considerable microbial richness, comprising populations with distinct physiological requirements and tolerances that succeed one another throughout the aerobic biodegradation of the organic matter, resulting in spontaneous temperature rise up to 80° C. Using metagenomic- and metatranscritomic-based approaches, we investigated the composition and taxonomic diversity as well as metabolic functions of microbial communities of a thermophilic composting operation in the São Paulo Zoo Park. We have analyzed time-series samples from two composting cells (ZC3 and ZC4) which exhibited sustained thermophilic profile (50°C-75°C) over 99 days of the process. We found that all biomass degradation was essentially performed by bacteria. The structure and composition of microbial communities vary throughout the process with a high relative abundance of Clostridiales, Bacillales and Actinomycetales, as observed in other composting systems. Among the organisms abundant in the process, we identify Operational Taxonomic Units (OTUs) of uncultivated organisms or with unknown genomes. The partial genome of one of these OTUs was obtained and shown to belong probably to a new genus of Bacillales. Our time-series data showed that the number of OTUs and phylogenetic diversity index changed during composting revealing the dynamics of the process, with the beginning and the stage after turning procedure presenting the highest diverse microbiota. These results indicate that the turning procedure (compost aeration) strongly impacts the microbiota structure and composition and that the deconstruction of the biomass occurs synergistically and sequentially. The huge diversity of microorganisms and metabolic functions active in thermophilic composting strengthen its potential as a promising source of new bacteria and thermostable enzymes that may be helpful in industrial processes. (AU) | |
| FAPESP's process: | 13/08148-7 - Metagenomic and metatranscriptomic studies of the microbial community from the São Paulo Zoo composting operation |
| Grantee: | Luciana Principal Antunes |
| Support Opportunities: | Scholarships in Brazil - Doctorate (Direct) |