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| Author(s): |
Pedro Augusto Franco Pinheiro Moreira
Total Authors: 1
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| Document type: | Doctoral Thesis |
| Press: | Campinas, SP. |
| Institution: | Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP). Instituto de Física Gleb Wataghin |
| Defense date: | 2008-02-29 |
| Examining board members: |
Pedro José Iunes;
Farid Chemale Júnior;
Sérgio Roberto de Paulo;
Ernesto Kemp;
Márcio José Menon
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| Advisor: | Julio Cesar Hadler Neto; Pedro José Iunes |
| Abstract | |
In this thesis the fission track annealing in apatite was studied in a general way, considering mainly practical applications of Fission Track Termochronology. A data set that allows the use of randomly oriented grains was done, because a greater number of fossil tracks could be considered in the "field measures". Apatites with a broad chlorine spectrum (0.01 and 5%) in their compositions were used and it was included Brazilian apatites. Density measures were determinated together with length ones in this data set. The heat treatments used in this data set was chosen through a methodology was developed based on a statistical algorithm. This algorithm has been applied to kinetic equations fitted for another annealing data set established before the presented one in this work. The data set two was done with two different chemical etching for each sample: (1) for 20 s at 5 M of HNO3 at 20° C and, (2) for 45 s at 1.5 M of HNO3 at 20° C. Thus, it was possible to compare effects of these two etchings in samples which suffered different heat treatments. The results indicated that annealing length data sets are not influenced by differences in the standard chemical concentration of these etchings. The optimal etching times were established through three etching paths. From the interpretation of these paths, it was developed a chemical etching kinetic model that describes well the data presented here. This model is based on the same principles as the annealing kinetic model which was elaborated by the Group of Chronology that counted with the collaboration of the author of this thesis. This annealing model allowed the comparison between the data presented here and the data set by Carlson et al. (1999) through the fit of this model in the set of Carlson. The results of this thesis were obtained in randomly oriented grains where were measured track-in-track and track-in-cleavage and results of Carlson et al. (1999) were obtained in prismatic faces in which were measured only track-in-track. The comparison between the results showed that there is no tendency in position of the points obtained from this work. However, there is a dispersion of them in relation to their respective fits relatively large. This dispersion has been attributed to etching anisotropy taking into account that tracks in randomly oriented grains can be easier confused with defects than in prismatic faces. The results in general show that measures made in randomly oriented grains (with track- in-track and track-in-cleavage) may be considered field measures without changing the thermal histories in significant way, provided that the reduced lengths are greater than 0.65 (AU) | |