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| Author(s): |
Marisa von Dentz
Total Authors: 1
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| Document type: | Doctoral Thesis |
| Press: | Ribeirão Preto. |
| Institution: | Universidade de São Paulo (USP). Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto (PCARP/BC) |
| Defense date: | 2022-02-04 |
| Examining board members: |
Katia de Souza Amorim;
Marlene Fagundes Carvalho Gonçalves;
Vanessa Ferraz Almeida Neves;
Gabriela Guarnieri de Campos Tebet
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| Advisor: | Katia de Souza Amorim |
| Abstract | |
Human beings\' innate characteristic of sociability grants them the fundamental need to be in relation with the Other, since birth, which guarantees their survival, development and insertion in the cultural universe. In the literature, the Other that relates to the infant is predominantly the adult. However, changes related to family organization, rising entry and permanence of women in the labor force and infants\' right acquisition of a place in early childhood education and care services (ECEC), among others, generated demands for investigations on peer interactions in collective spaces. In this sense, this dissertation aims to investigate how peer-interactions among infants take place and are transformed through the experiences from the transition process from care and education, initially more home-centered and gradually becoming more shared between family and the ECEC center. This qualitative research was guided by the theoretical-methodological perspective of the Network of Meanings (historical-cultural). Three focal babies (initial age between five and ten months) were followed, among those members of groups of babies, in three different ECEC institutions located in the state of São Paulo. Data were collected through: 1) video recordings; 2) interviews; and 3) observation records. The analysis corpus was constructed through: (a) calculation of the interaction time of the focal babies with their peers; (b) video editing, with identification and construction of a specific file with interactive episodes of the focal baby with peers; (c) elaboration of image maps of the interactions of focal infants with others (Cmap Tools program); (d) search for possible changes in interactions throughout attendance; (e) selection and presentation of episodes to give greater visibility to changes; (f) analysis of such episodes; (g) discussion of results in relation to literature data, raising theoretical propositions. Analysis of the empirical material indicates a wealth of communicative resources used, including: a variety of gazes, emotional expressions, actions and gestures, physical contact and movements. Interactions were classified as: agonistic, friendly or preferential partner. Findings indicate that institutional transition strategies reflected on how peer interactions took place in this new setting. In one of the cases, from the very beginning of attendance, the focal infant showed signs of well-being and peers were privileged targets of interest. In the other two cases, though numerous interactions with peers were accounted since initial attendance, these gradually increased articulated to a concomitant process of developing more signs of well-being, familiarization and belonging to the group. In the set of interactions of babies, complex phenomena were identified such as: construction of meaning and sharing of meanings, privileged partnerships, joint attention, construction of group microculture and groupness. Contributions of this research include greater visibility to the construction of complex interactive processes and phenomena regarding specificities of this age group and as being articulated to the process of transition. Such elements are useful por purposes of theory and professional development and practice. Also, findings may help families to better understand which and how the interactive processes among infants occur, and what these afford in terms of general development and social competences. (AU) | |
| FAPESP's process: | 16/10638-0 - Construction of meaning in infant peer-interactions in nursery: Brazilian case studies |
| Grantee: | Marisa von Dentz |
| Support Opportunities: | Scholarships in Brazil - Doctorate |