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| Author(s): |
Milena Aparecida de Almeida
Total Authors: 1
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| Document type: | Master's Dissertation |
| Press: | Araraquara. 2022-06-06. |
| Institution: | Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp). Faculdade de Ciências e Letras. Araraquara |
| Defense date: | 2022-02-11 |
| Advisor: | Rosane de Andrade Berlinck; Stephen Levey |
| Abstract | |
In the context of studies on relativization in Portuguese, there are few specific studies on the locative context that investigate the variation between possible strategies. On the other hand, recent studies have identified a non-locative use of onde, pointing to a process of grammaticalization of the item in the speech of different regions (SOUZA, 2003; BRAGA, MANFILI, 2004; ALMEIDA, 2020). Taking this scenario into account, the objective of the present study is to investigate the process of linguistic variation of relative constructions in the domain of origin of the relative pronoun onde, that is, in the expression of the locative value in São Paulo speech. This characterization is a first stage of investigation, which will lead us, in a later study, to evaluate the possible correlation between the variation in the domain of origin and the multifunctionality processes from onde. Our envelope of variation includes the relativization strategies used in Brazilian Portuguese (AMARAL, 1920; MOLLICA, 1977; TARALLO, 1983; CORRÊA, 1998; BISPO, 2003; 2009) – that is, standard (with or without preposition), resumptive pronoun and pp-chopping. We adopted the theoreticalmethodological approach of the Theory of Language Variation and Change (WEINREICH, LABOV, HERZOG, 2006 [1968]; LABOV, 1972) to analyze the corpus built from the IBORUNA database (ALIP project (Gonçalves, n.d.)) and from Projeto SP2010: Amostra da fala paulistana (MENDES, 2013). The corpus counts 1007 tokens of relatives. These are distributed as: 3 occurrences of standard with preposition, 35 occurrences of resumptive pronoun, 249 occurrences of pp-chopping and 267 occurrences standard with onde from the IBORUNA database; and 10 occurrences of standard with preposition, 15 occurrences of resumptive pronoun, 128 occurrences of standard with onde and 300 data of pp-chopping from the SP2010 database. Due to the low frequency in our corpus, the standard with preposition and resumptive pronoun strategies received a qualitative treatment, while a quantitative analysis is being produced to understand the behavior of the standard with onde and pp-chopping strategies. The linguistic factors that guide the research are:syntactic function of the relative pronoun; distance between the NP and the relative clause; relative classification; identity and type of locative; definiteness, specificity and informational status of the antecedent NP. The controlled extralinguistic factors are: sex/gender, education and age group of the speaker (present in both database); textual type (present in IBORUNA); speaker's region and area of residence in São Paulo and interview script (present in SP2010).Our statistical analyses verified, through a mixed effects logistic regression, that the use of standard with onde is disfavored by speakers of the first age group, with lower levels of education and when the antecedent refers to a location, for the IBORUNA database, and the use of standard with onde is disfavored by speakers of the second and third age groups with high school, downtown residents and in undefined contexts, for SP2010. We conclude that the description of this specific context of relativization reveals different patterns in relation to the general trends (prevalence of non-standard strategies), since the pattern with onde is still very present. In addition, social variables proved to be very significant in explaining variation, something that contributes to a discussion within the theoretical model about the role of these variables in morphological and syntactic phenomena, in addition to some studies that show that there may, indeed, be influence of these aspects at higher levels. In other words, it is possible to speak of sociolinguistic variables (properly so-called) at these levels. Finally, considering that relativization is a mechanism present in many languages, for which it seeks to identify general principles, the study can contribute to this discussion in an interlinguistic scope (AU) | |
| FAPESP's process: | 20/00593-5 - The sociolinguistics of relativization strategies of locatives in Paulista speech |
| Grantee: | Milena Aparecida de Almeida |
| Support Opportunities: | Scholarships in Brazil - Master |