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| Author(s): |
Adriana Regina Citroni
Total Authors: 1
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| Document type: | Master's Dissertation |
| Press: | Piracicaba. |
| Institution: | Universidade de São Paulo (USP). Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz (ESALA/BC) |
| Defense date: | 1995-06-28 |
| Advisor: | José Fernando Machado Menten |
| Abstract | |
This study was carried out to evaluate the effects of simultaneous inclusion of altemative protein feedstuffs in partial substitution of soybean meal of growing - finishing pigs diets on the performance and carcass characteristics. Two experiments were conducted at the ESALQ/USP. In both, 40 castrated male and female pigs were used allocated in pens with automatic feeders and nipple drinkers. A randomized complete block design was utilized; the experimental unit consisted of two animais (pen) for the performance data and one animal for the carcass data. In the first experiment, the treatments consisted of: 1) control diet based on corn and soybean meal; 2) diet with 5% of dried yeast (DY) and 2% of poultry by-product meal (PPM); 3) diet with of 10% DY and 2% of PPM; 4) diet with 5% of DY and 4% of PPM and 5) diet with 10% of DY and 4% of PPM; all treatments were formulated to have 75% and 60% of lysine for growing and finishing phases, respectively. The animals which received the diets with DY and PPM, in the growing period, had better feed/gain than the ones fed the control diet (P=0.08). These diets also afforded higher dressing percentage (P=0.06) and higher carcass length (P=0.06) in comparison to control treatment (75.7% vs 74.4% and 95.9 cm vs 94.2cm, respectively). No differences were observed among treatments for the other carcass characteristics. It is concluded that the association of up to 10% DY and up to 4% PPM in diets permitted allowed reducing the use of soybean meal in 54% in growing and 74% in finishing periods with good results. ln the second experiment, the treatments consisted of: 1) control diet based on com and soybean meal; 2) diet with 3.0% of cottonseed meal (CM) and 1.5% of blood meal (BM); 3) diet with 6.0% of CM and 1.5% of BM; 4) diet with 3.0% of CM and 3.0% of BM and 5) diet with 6.0% of CM and 3.0% of BM; all treatments were formulated to have 75% and 60% of lysine for growing and finishing phases, respectively. The increase of BM from 1.5% to 3.0% resulted in reduction in the average daily weight gain of the animais in the growing and in the total periods (P=.005 and P=.06; respectively) and increase in the average daily feed intake (P=.06) of pigs in the growing period. The feed/gain (F/G)of control pigs in the growing (P=.03) and in the total period (P=. 06) was better than for the other treatments and the pigs receiving 1.5% of BM in the growing phase had a better F/G (P=.06) than the ones fed 3.0% of BM. The carcass characteristics were not affected by treatments, except for the increased backfat thickness when CM was increased from 3.0% to 6.0% in diets containing 1.5% of BM. It is concluded that the treatment 3.0%CM 1.5%BM resulted in performance and carcass characteristics similar to those achieved with the control (AU) | |