Cross-cultural adaptation and psychometric study of the personality inventory for DSM-5 (PID-5) for Brazil

Author(s)

Ana Maria Barchi Ferreira

• Document type: Doctoral Thesis
• Press: Ribeirão Preto.
• Institution: Universidade de São Paulo (USP). Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto (PCARP/BC)
• Defense date: 2023-08-11

Examining board members

Flavia de Lima Osorio; Sonia Regina Loureiro; Elizabeth do Nascimento; Wang Yuan Pang

• Advisor: Flavia de Lima Osorio; Diogo Araújo de Sousa

Abstract

Introduction: The Personality Inventory for DSM-5 (PID-5) aims to assess maladaptive personality traits from the dimensional perspective proposed by Criterion B of the DSM-5 Alternative Model for Personality Disorders. So far, it has been cross-culturally adapted into dozens of languages, either in the original version (SRF), consisting of 220 items (25 facets, five domains), or in its brief version (BF), consisting of 25 items (five domains), tending to establish itself as a gold standard instrument in the field. Objective: To describe the process of cross-cultural adaptation and psychometric study of the PID-5 in the SRF and BF versions, applied in different formats (online and paper-pencil), to Brazilian Portuguese. Method: The process of translation and cross-cultural adaptation followed the stages of independent translations, consensus version, backtranslation, evaluation by a committee of experts and by the target population. For the psychometric study, four different community samples were evaluated, in which the PID-5-SRF was applied in paper-pencil format (N=730) and online (N=274) and the PID-5-BF, also in pencil format -paper (N=240) and online (N=288). Recruitment was carried out using the snowball method for pencil-paper collection and through the divulgation of the study in different media (online collection). In all samples, there was a predominance of female participants who were young adults and had a high level of education.. Validity and reliability indicators were analyzed using the statistical programs IBM SPSS, Mplus and Factor. Results: The internal consistency, measured by Cronbach\'s Alpha, was adequate for both versions, in the different application formats (facets α≥0.51; domains α≥0.64), as well as the test-retest reliability (facets ICC≥0.45; ICC domains ≥0.54). Convergent validity in relation to the NEO-FFI, the gold standard instrument for assessing adaptive personality traits, was appropriate, with moderate/strong correlations between the Negative Affect/PID-5 and Neuroticism/NEO domains (r>0.54), Detachment/PID-5 and Extraversion/NEO (r>-0.41), Antagonism/PID-5 and Agreeableness/NEO (r>-0.50), Disinhibition/PID-5 and Conscientiousness/NEO (r> -0.41). For analysis of the internal structure, confirmatory and exploratory factor analyzes were conducted. For the SRF version, the unidimensionality of the facets was confirmed for slightly more than half of them; for the others, the two-dimensional structure showed a better fit. Confirmatory factor analysis, using the original model as a reference, did not show adequate fit indices. Thus, through exploratory factor analysis, alternative models were obtained, with five and six factors, with high similarity to the original model. For the BF version, the five-factor model with correlated errors showed adequate fit rates in the confirmatory factor analysis. The invariance between the different application formats of the SRF version was not accepted at the configuration level. Discussion/ Conclusions: the PID-5 showed good psychometric indicators for the Brazilian context, being available for use in the full and brief version, which can be applied in pencil-on-paper and online formats, meeting the current demands for measurement instruments for remote application and in screening context. More specific analyzes of its internal structure and its predictive validity are points of importance for future studies, considering the instrument\'s potential for use in clinical practice and research. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 19/27022-0 - Translation, cross-cultural adaptation and psychometric study of the personality inventory for DSM-5 (PID-5): self-report (SRF) and brief (BF) versions
• Grantee: Ana Maria Barchi Ferreira
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Doctorate (Direct)