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| Author(s): |
Jéssica Rafaela da Costa
Total Authors: 1
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| Document type: | Doctoral Thesis |
| Press: | São Paulo. |
| Institution: | Universidade de São Paulo (USP). Faculdade de Filosofia, Letras e Ciências Humanas (FFLCH/SBD) |
| Defense date: | 2023-07-17 |
| Examining board members: |
Sheila Aparecida Correia Furquim;
Francisco Sérgio Bernardes Ladeira;
Fabio Soares Oliveira;
Marcos Gervasio Pereira
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| Advisor: | Sheila Aparecida Correia Furquim |
| Abstract | |
Human actions interfere in the processes of soil formation in the urban environment, altering its morphological, physical, chemical and mineralogical characteristics. Soil structures are one of the morphological features most affected by human activity, and their degradation or destruction can affect the hydrological cycle. The objective of the research was to demonstrate the development of pedogenetic processes related to the development of aggregates and structures and the influence of these properties on hydraulic conductivity in modified soils in an urban environment. In an urban park, three soil profiles were described, soil infiltration was determined and samples were collected for the following analyses: morphological characterization of structures and pores with Multi-stripe Laser Triangulation (MLT); micromorphology; unsaturated hydraulic conductivity; weighted average diameter (dry and wet method), aggregate stability index; soil density; particle density; total porosity; particle size distribution; clay dispersed in water and degree of flocculation; pHH2O and pHKCl; exchangeable cations (Na+, K+, Ca2+, Mg2+); acidity; heavy metals; total organic carbon; soil organic carbon stock; microplastics presence by binocular magnifying glass, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (μ-FTIR) and μ-Raman spectroscopy; clay minerals by X-ray Diffraction (XRD); Al2O3, CaO, Fe2O3, K2O, MgO, MnO, Na2O, P2O5, SiO2, TiO2, SO3 by X-ray fluorescence (XRF) of the total soil and clay fraction; kaolinite and gibbsite content by Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) of the clay fraction; Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). Soil profiles were classified according to the World Reference Base. The data obtained by Mult-Lazer Triangulation (MLT), micromorphology and XRD were interpreted after image processing. Chemical and physical data were treated by descriptive analysis. The results demonstrate the existence of pedogenetic processes as well as the aggregation process on the soil. The result includes variability of the structural arrangement, even in the presence of anthropic materials. It is concluded that the soil, even if previously degraded, contributes to infiltration and hydraulic conductivity in an urban environment. (AU) | |
| FAPESP's process: | 19/03576-7 - The genesis of pedogenetic structures in urban soils and their reflections on hydraulic conductivity |
| Grantee: | Jéssica Rafaela da Costa |
| Support Opportunities: | Scholarships in Brazil - Doctorate |