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| Author(s): |
Luzianna Macêdo Fonsêca
Total Authors: 1
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| Document type: | Master's Dissertation |
| Press: | Piracicaba. |
| Institution: | Universidade de São Paulo (USP). Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz (ESALA/BC) |
| Defense date: | 2024-02-09 |
| Examining board members: |
Carlos Humberto Corassin;
Cristina Simões Cortinhas;
Alex de Matos Teixeira
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| Advisor: | Carlos Humberto Corassin |
| Abstract | |
Micotoxins are toxic metabolites produced by fungi present in food and feed, posing risks to the health of cattle, as well as to the quality of products derived from this species, such as milk. The growing concern about these compounds demands effective mitigation strategies. Antimycotoxin additives, which bind to mycotoxins, emerge as a promising solution. This study aimed to determine the efficiency of different antimycotoxin additives in reducing aflatoxins (AFLA), fumonisins (FUM), zearalenone (ZEN), deoxynivalenol (DON), and T-2 toxin (T2) in the blood, milk, and urine of dairy cows. Twelve Holstein lactating cows were randomly divided into four treatments: 1) control group (CON), consisting of a basal diet without antimycotoxin additive; 2) antimycotoxin additive group 1 (AD1), with the addition of 25 g/cow/day of HSCAS (hydrated sodium calcium aluminosilicate) to the concentrate of the basal diet; 3) antimycotoxin additive group 2 (AD2), with the inclusion of 15 g/cow/day of Mycofix® Plus 5.0 (DSM-Firmenich Ltd., Brazil) to the concentrate of the basal diet; and 4) antimycotoxin additive group 3 (AD3), with the addition of 30 g/cow/day of Mycofix® Plus 5.0 (DSM-Firmenich Ltd., Brazil) to the concentrate of the basal diet. The experiment lasted for 21 days, with seven days of contamination by AFLA, FUM, DON, ZEN, and T2. Samples of milk, urine, and blood were collected for multi-mycotoxin biomarker analysis via ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled to a mass spectrometer (UPLC-MS). AFLA, FUM, and ZEN were naturally present in the basic diet. In the blood plasma, the additives managed to reduce aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) by 35% (AD1) and 91% (AD2), while DON was reduced to levels below the limit of detection (LOD) (0.033 µg/L) by additives AD2 and AD3. FUM and ZEN underwent a reduction of 94.6% and 97.7%, respectively, by AD2 and were below the LOD with the use of AD3. In the milk, AD2 and AD3 reduced AFM1 between 94.3% and 97.8% and prevented the secretion of DON, FUM, T2, and ZEN. In the urine, there was a reduction in aflatoxins by 10.8% (AD1), 17.8% (AD2), and 26.1% (AD3). AD2 and AD3 reduced DON and FUM to levels below the LOD (0.033 and 0.003 µg/L). T2 was not detected in any treatment. It is concluded that the administration of antimycotoxin additives, over a short contamination period, effectively reduces FUM, DON, FUM, T2, and ZEN in the blood, milk, and urine of dairy cows. In all treatments containing Mycofix® Plus 5.0, a positive response against contamination by multiple mycotoxins was observed, with a reduction in contamination levels in biomarkers such as milk, urine, and blood. AD3 exhibited the greatest reduction in FUM in blood, urine, and milk, followed by AD2 and HSCAS. AD3 reduced all other mycotoxins below the LOD in blood, urine, and milk. The lower dose of antimycotoxin additive (AD2) showed significant reduction in all mycotoxins, while HSCAS showed minor reduction in FUM and was unable to reduce other mycotoxin secretions in blood, urine, and milk. The data underscore the effectiveness of antimycotoxin feed additives in deactivating mycotoxins, highlighting the importance of their use. (AU) | |
| FAPESP's process: | 22/14662-4 - Evaluation of the effectiveness of different adsorbents to reduce the combined toxic effects of mycotoxins in the feeding of lactating cows |
| Grantee: | Luzianna Macedo Fonseca |
| Support Opportunities: | Scholarships in Brazil - Master |