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| Author(s): |
Valdemar Lacerda Júnior
Total Authors: 1
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| Document type: | Doctoral Thesis |
| Press: | Ribeirão Preto. , gráficos, ilustrações, tabelas. |
| Institution: | Universidade de São Paulo (USP). Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto (PCARP/BC) |
| Defense date: | 2004-04-06 |
| Examining board members: |
Mauricio Gomes Constantino;
Carlos Kleber Zago de Andrade;
Alberto Federman Neto;
Paulo José Samenho Moran;
Luiz Fernando da Silva Junior
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| Advisor: | Mauricio Gomes Constantino |
| Field of knowledge: | Physical Sciences and Mathematics - Chemistry |
| Indexed in: | Banco de Dados Bibliográficos da USP-DEDALUS; Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações - USP |
| Location: | Universidade de São Paulo. Biblioteca Central do Campus de Ribeirão Preto; FFCLRP/Lacerda Júnior, Valdemar |
| Abstract | |
The aim of this work was to investigate the use of NbCl5 as Lewis acid in organic synthesis (opening of epoxide rings, Diels-Alder and electrophilic substitution of cycloenones in furan ring reactions and in the formation of beta-chloroenones and beta-ethoxyenones from beta-diketones and the corresponding acetylated derivatives. The behaviour of several epoxides when treated with NbCl5 was studied. In general it was verified that the studied epoxides react rapidly with NbCl5, giving, in most cases, more than one product (chlorohydrins, 1,2-diols, products containing solvent residues as well as rearrangement products were obtained). A detailed study was performed to verify the effect of the temperature (rt, 0ºC or -78ºC) and of the NbCl5 molar concentration in the composition of the products, yield and time required for the reactions. Reactions between different cycloenones (dienophiles of low reactivity) with cyclopentadiene and furans (dienes) were performed in the presence of NbCl5. The reactions showed that NbCl5 is a good Lewis acid for Diels-Alder or electrophilic substitution of the hydrogen by the cycloenone system in furan ring. The Diels-Alder product was obtained only in reaction between the cyclohexenone and the highly reactive diene (cyclopentadiene). Less reactive dienes such as furan and 2-methylfuran gave electrophilic substitution of hydrogen by the cycloenone system in the furan ring. beta-Diketones and the corresponding acetylated derivatives were conveniently transformed in beta-chloroenones or beta-ethoxyenones by treatment with NbCl5, in one step and in good yields. When the reactions were carried out with Et2O or CH2Cl2 as solvents, only beta-chloroenones were obtained. However, with EtOAc as solvent, the results depend on the structure of the substrate: alpha-methylated substrates gave exclusively beta-chloroenones (as in other solvents), while the other substrates gave beta-ethoxyenones or mixtures of beta-ethoxyenones and beta-chloroenones. (AU) | |