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| Author(s): |
Barbara Santarosa Emo Peters
Total Authors: 1
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| Document type: | Doctoral Thesis |
| Press: | São Paulo. |
| Institution: | Universidade de São Paulo (USP). Faculdade de Saúde Pública (FSP/CIR) |
| Defense date: | 2009-03-09 |
| Examining board members: |
Ligia Araujo Martini;
Marise Lazaretti Castro;
Regina Mara Fisberg;
Sérgio Alberto Rupp de Paiva;
Marcelo de Medeiros Pinheiro
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| Advisor: | Ligia Araujo Martini |
| Field of knowledge: | Health Sciences - Nutrition |
| Indexed in: | Banco de Dados Bibliográficos da USP-DEDALUS; Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações - USP |
| Location: | Universidade de São Paulo. Biblioteca/Centro de Referência e Informação da Faculdade de Saúde Pública; FSP/612.3072 73 |
| Abstract | |
Introduction - Several epidemiologic studies have been developed in adolescent population, due to alimentary habits that when inadequate can contribute to development of non-communicable chronic diseases in the adult life. The vitamin D status is of fundamental importance during life cycles. Reduced serum levels of vitamin D have been related to many non-communicable chronic diseases pathogenesis. Purpose - The purpose of this study was to evaluate the vitamin D intake and the serum 25(OH)D concentration in healthy adolescents, as well to investigate factors that could influence the vitamin D status, and the relationships between the nutritional status of vitamin D, adiposity and blood pressure. Methods - This is a cross-sectional study, including two hundred and five adolescents, 106 boys and 99 girls, mean age 18.25 (0.07) years old. Dietary intake (three-day dietary records), nutritional status (weight, height, BMI, fat mass and lean mass by bioelectrical impedance), physical activity (validated physical activity evaluation questionnaire for adolescents), blood pressure (in accordance with V Diretrizes Brasileiras de Hipertensão Arterial recommendations), and biochemical markers (blood levels of calcidiol, calcitriol, serum total calcium, intact parathormone and adiponectin) was evaluated. Results - The mean serum of calcidiol was 29.2 (0.8) ng/ml, and the vitamin D insufficiency was observed in 62.1% of the adolescents. Mean dietary calcium and vitamin D intake was 682.2 (14.2) mg/day and 3.1 (0.1) g/day, respectively. Only 3.8% of adolescents met the daily adequate intake recommendation for calcium, and none of adolescents met the adequate intake recommendation for vitamin D. There was a positive correlation between dairy products and both calcium and vitamin D intake (r=0.597 e r=0.561, respectively; p=0.000). Adolescents who ate breakfast had a significant higher mean calcium, vitamin D and dairy products intake than adolescents who did not eat. Elevated blood pressure was observed in 12.19% of the adolescents. There were no correlations between systolic and diastolic blood pressure with calcidiol and calcitriol. A positive significant correlation was observed between waist circumference with systolic and diastolic blood pressure in both boys and in girls. There was no correlation between fat mass and blood levels of calcidiol. Conclusions - The prevalence of vitamin D insufficiency was elevated in this group of adolescents. No relationships between serum vitamin D levels and blood pressure were observed. The majority of adolescents were not consuming recommended levels of calcium and vitamin D. The regular breakfast habit and consumption of dairy products are important strategies in improving calcium and vitamin D intake in the diet. (AU) | |