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| Author(s): |
Oscar Wilfredo Diaz Gamboa
Total Authors: 1
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| Document type: | Doctoral Thesis |
| Press: | Campinas, SP. |
| Institution: | Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP). Faculdade de Engenharia de Alimentos |
| Defense date: | 2011-12-19 |
| Examining board members: |
Lireny Aparecida Guaraldo Gonçalves;
Suzana Caetano da Silva Lannes;
Carlos Raimundo Ferreira Grosso;
Henriette Monteiro Cordeiro de Azeredp;
Rodney Alexandre Ferreira Rodrigues
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| Advisor: | Lireny Aparecida Guaraldo Gonçalves |
| Abstract | |
This project aimed to establish optimal conditions for obtaining a product that will be commercially available in Brazil, focusing on encapsulation for use in the food industry. Tocopherols are natural antioxidants that can be used for food enrichment.However, there is the need for protection of active agent by special methods, such as microencapsulation. The present study developed systems composed of microparticles obtained by "spray chilling" using an interesterified fat with no trans isomers with fully hydrogenated soybean oil in the ratio of 70:30% w/w respectively, with a melting point in the range of 40-65°C for the formation of matrices to encapsulate a-tocopherol as active principle.To obtain small particles a lipid matrices were melted in a water bath at a temperature of 65°C. The a-tocopherol was added to the lipid mixtures and then homogenized in Ultra Turrax for 5 min.The solutions were sprayed in double-fluid atomizer also heated to 65°C and air pressure of 0.25 MPa, the atomization performed inside a chamber cooled to 10°C. Were conducted a CCR design (Central Compo site Rotational Design) with two independent variables: the speed of homogenization (3000 to 11000 rpm) and the concentration of tocopherol (5-25 g/100 g).The quantification of the active ingredient encapsulated was performed using isocratic HPLC technique. The treatments were characterized with respect to encapsulation efficiency, morphology, average size and stability of the microparticles and release of active ingredient.For the stability study treatments were subjected to storage for 180 days at three different temperatures (ambient 25°C ± 5°C , 22°C in an oven and freezer -18°C).Since x-rays diffraction measurements (0, 60, 120, 180 days) and calorimetric measurements (time zero) were made. Were performed the incorporation of the microparticles in a commercial product (yogurt), which was evaluated using the sensory evaluation.In general, the lipid particles studied in this work showed good results in terms of encapsulation efficiency showing spherical shape, with solid rough walls. The thermograms obtained by DSC at time zero did not differ between trials.The XRD patterns were very similar among treatments and found the presence of three major peaks that are associated with the polymorphic form ß. The microparticles showed good ability to control the release of the active principle, showing potential for future use in the food industry. Finally the results of an smooth sensory acceptance indicated that the tested samples did not differ statistically from the standard sample for evaluated attributes (AU) | |