Full text
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| Author(s): |
Julian Martínez
Total Authors: 1
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| Document type: | Master's Dissertation |
| Press: | Campinas, SP. |
| Institution: | Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP). Faculdade de Engenharia de Alimentos |
| Defense date: | 2002-05-04 |
| Examining board members: |
Maria Angela de Almeida Meireles Petenate;
Sandra Cristina dos Santos Rocha;
Rosiane Lopes da Cunha;
Satoshi Tobinaga
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| Advisor: | Maria Angela de Almeida Meireles Petenate |
| Abstract | |
Extraction of volatile oils with supercritical fluids has been an emergent technology in the last decades, as an altemative to extraction using conventional methods, like steam distillation and extraction with organic solvents. Although several oils can be obtained by steam distillation, this process has some disadvantages, such as low yields, possible thermal degradation of products and difficulty to obtain less volatile compounds. Extraction with organic solvents has been suffering restrictions due to possible environmental contaminations and presence of a residual ffaction of the solvent in the product. Supercritical technology, using carbon dioxide as solvent, is recognized as a cIean technology, and has other advantages, such as selectivity in the extraction process through the choice of the operating temperature and pressure and facility of separation of the extract fiom the solvent, leaving almost no residues in the product. Besides these advantages, this process still has a high cost of investment, which restricts its use to products with a high aggregate value or processes in high scale. The enlargement of the spectra of application of supercritical extraction depends of the optimization of the operational conditions that should result in a minimization of the manufacturing costs, tuming it economically viable. The application of mathematical models to represent extraction curves is a mean that allows estimating the influence of process parameters on the efficiency of the extraction. There are many models in the literature that are used to adjust experimental extraction curves. Most of these models consider the volatile oil as a single pseudo-compound, independently of its chemical composition. In this work several models of the literature are studied, such as: an empirical model based on chemical reaction kinetics; the Tan and Liou desorption model the diffusional model of Crank; the Sovová model, that divides the process in mostly convective and diffusional periods; the Goto et aI. model, that considers the particles of the solid as being porous.... Note: The complete abstract is available with the full electronic digital thesis or dissertations. (AU) | |
| FAPESP's process: | 99/11944-0 - A study on mass transfer models in the solid-fluid interphase during supercritical extraction processes |
| Grantee: | Julian Martínez |
| Support Opportunities: | Scholarships in Brazil - Master |