Beta-1,3 glucanases, protease and chitinases: production, purification and application

Author(s)

Luciana Francisco Fleuri

• Document type: Doctoral Thesis
• Press: Campinas, SP.
• Institution: Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP). Faculdade de Engenharia de Alimentos
• Defense date: 2006-03-07

Examining board members

Helia Harumi Sato; Gabriela Alves Macedo; Marcia Nitschke; Ranulfo Monte Alegre; Severino Matias de Alencar; Telma Teixeira Franco

• Advisor: Helia Harumi Sato

Abstract

The aim of this work was to study the production, purification and application of b-1,3 glucanases, proteases and chitinases. The strain Cellulosimicrobium cellulans 191 was used to study the production of b-1,3 glucanases and chitinases and strains B26 and C. cellulans 191 for the production of proteases, using culture media containing different inductors. 23 factorial experimental designs were performed and the factors studied were: initial pH, temperature (oC) and flask rotatory speed. In the experimental design for the production of b-1,3 glucanase, greater enzyme production (0.64 U/mL) was obtained in culture medium A containing 2.0 g/L (NH4)2SO4; 0.2 g/L MgSO4.7H2O and 10 g/L cell wall yeast in 0.2 M phosphate buffer, pH 8.5, after 24 h of fermentation at 33oC and 200 rpm. In the experimental design for the production of protease by strains B26 and 191, greater enzyme production was obtained in culture medium B containing 2.0 g/L (NH4)2SO4; 0.2 g/L de MgSO4.7H2O and 80 g/L dry yeast in 0.15 M phosphate buffer, pH 6.5, after 30 h of fermentation at 20oC and 200 rpm, with yields of 5.01 U/mL and 4.25 U/mL, respectively. In the experimental design for the production of chitinase, greater enzyme production (7.06 U/mL) was obtained in culture medium C containing 4.0 g/L yeast extract; 2.0 g/L tryptone; 4.0 g/L MgSO4.7H2O; 1.2 g/L KH2PO4; 2.8 g/L K2HPO4 and 15 g/L of neutralized chitin with an initial pH of 5.5, after 72 h of fermentation at 25oC and 200 rpm. All models obtained were predictive and significant at a confidence level of 95%. In the study on the production of enzymes from C. cellulans strain 191 in a 5 L fermenter, the highest productions of b-1,3 glucanase in medium A with 1.5 vvm and 3.0 vvm were 0.32 U/mL and 0.72 U/mL respectively, after 24 h of fermentation at 30oC. In the production of protease in a 5 L fermenter using culture medium B and 1.5 vvm, 1.87 U/mL and 2.34 U/mL were obtained after 6 h and 30 h respectively of fermentation at 30oC, whilst with 3 vvm, 4.89 U/mL and 6.14 U/mL of protease were obtained after 6 h and 33 h respectively of fermentation at 30oC. In a 5 L fermenter, the highest production of chitinase from C. cellulans strain 191 using 1.5 vvm was 4.19 U/mL after 168 h of fermentation, whilst with 3 vvm, the production was 4.38 U/mL of chitinase after 144 h of fermentation at 25oC. In the study on the production of b-1,3 glucanases, proteases and chitinases from C. cellulans strain 191 in shaken flasks and culture media A, B and C, 1.12 U/mL of b-1,3 glucanase; 4.2 U/mL of protease and 6.9 U/mL of chitinase were produced respectively. In the purification study, the b-1,3 glucanase (45 KDa) was purified 11.83 times with a yield of 25% using a DEAE-Sephadex A50 ion-exchange resin. In the purification of the proteases using the DEAE-Sephadex A50 ion-exchange resin, three protease fractions were obtained named P1, P2 and P3. Fraction P3 presented two proteins with molecular weights of 14 and 16 KDa in SDS-PAGE electrophoresis. The chitinase (61 KDa) was purified about 6.65 times with a yield of 46.61% in a Sepharose CL4B200 gel filtration resin. The purified b-1,3 glucanase presented lysis activity against several yeasts and was able to form protoplasts from the Saccharomyces cerevisiae KL-88 yeast. Pre-treatment of the yeasts with the purified protease P3 did not increase cell lysis by the b-1,3 glucanase. The purified chitinase was able to lyse the cell walls of some fungal species in aqueous suspension, but was not able to inhibit the growth of these fungi on potato dextrose agar plates. The crude chitinase preparation presented growth inhibition halos for some of the fungi studied. The products formed from the reaction between the purified b-1,3 glucanase and laminarin and between the purified protease and the dry yeast presented antioxidant power (AU)