Evaluation of physicochemical properties of enamel after different microabrasion techniques

Author(s)

Carlos Eduardo dos Santos Bertoldo

• Document type: Master's Dissertation
• Press: Piracicaba, SP.
• Institution: Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP). Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba
• Defense date: 2011-06-17

Examining board members

José Roberto Lovadino; Renato Herman Sundfeld; Débora Alves Nunes Leite Lima

• Advisor: José Roberto Lovadino

Abstract

The microabrasion technique of enamel consists of selectively abrading the discolored areas or causing superficial structural changes in a selective way. In microabrasion technique, abrasive products associated with acids are used, that could lead to structural and chemical changes, and the evaluation of enamel roughness after this treatment, as well as microhardness and chemical analysis is necessary. Thus, the aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the effects of different agents used to perform the technique of abrasion of tooth enamel in its chemical composition by EDS and structural analysis by means of microhardness testing, surface roughness and characterization by SEM. To conduct the study were selected 90 enamel blocks (25mm2) obtained from bovine incisors, that were divided into 2 groups (G1 and G2 n=45), which were divided into five subgroups (A, B, C, D and E n=9). All samples were planned and polished and the G1 were subjected to Knoop microhardness (KHN) and roughness (L1). The five subgroups of both groups underwent the following: A - microabrasion with equal parts by volume of 35% phosphoric acid and pumice, followed by polishing with diamond paste associated with felt disc; B - microabrasion with equal parts by volume of 35% phosphoric acid and pumice; C - microabrasion with Opalustre followed by polishing with diamond paste associated with felt disc D - microabrasion with Opalustre; and E - control, was not carried out any kind of procedure. After this step, new readings of microhardness and surface roughness were realized (L2). Then the samples were stored in artificial saliva under the regime of daily changes over a period of 15 days and subjected to new readings of microhardness (L3) and at the end, after 30 days of immersion in artificial saliva (L4). In this stage, the samples were metallized for surface characterization in Scanning Electron Microscopy - SEM. The samples from G2 were used to conduct the chemical analysis by Energy Dispersion - EDS testing that were vaporized with carbon to the test. The data were statistically analyzed by ANOVA with repeated measures followed by Tukey test (? = 5%). There was no significant difference between the types of abrasion to both roughness and hardness. After the completion of abrasion, surface roughness has increased, and after polishing these values were comparable to the initial time and the control group. For microhardness data, abrasion followed by polishing increase these values, in addition to the stabilization of the same in the periods between 15 days and 30 days of immersion in artificial saliva. No changes were observed from Phosphorus concentrations in abrasioned enamel, however for the samples abrasioned with Opalustre there were observed the decrease of Calcium means, beyond this, the presence of Cloro and in the polished specimens Silica in the EDS test. It can be concluded that the abrasion followed by polishing can increase the microhardness of enamel surface smoothness and, moreover, the immersion in artificial saliva for a minimum of 15 days is sufficient to increase the surface hardness of abrasioned enamel. In addition it can be conclude that microabrasion procedures can alter the mineral content from dental enamel, incorporating microabrasive chemical elements on this substrate (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 09/02260-4 - Evaluation of physicochemical properties of enamel after different microabrasion techniques
• Grantee: Carlos Eduardo dos Santos Bertoldo
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Master