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Anatomic and functional evaluation of buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) females genital system: implications on multiple ovulation and embryo transfer

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Author(s):
Nelcio Antonio Tonizza de Carvalho
Total Authors: 1
Document type: Doctoral Thesis
Press: São Paulo.
Institution: Universidade de São Paulo (USP). Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia (FMVZ/SBD)
Defense date:
Examining board members:
Pietro Sampaio Baruselli; Mario Binelli; José Buratini Júnior; Magali D'Angelo; Otávio Mitio Ohashi
Advisor: Pietro Sampaio Baruselli
Abstract

In order to study the probable causes of the low embryo recovery rates in superovulated buffaloes, 4 experiments were performed. The experiment 1, consisted of treating buffaloes and cows in order to induce single or multiple ovulation (2x2 factorial). Genital systems were morphometrycally evaluated; oviducts were flushed in order to recover the oocytes, and subsequently submitted to histological examination. The oocyte recovery rate and the ovarian volume were higher for cows when compared to buffaloes (P<0.05). In contrast, fimbria area was higher for buffaloes than cows (P<0.05). Likewise, infundibulum and isthmus muscle layers were thicker in buffalo than cows (P<0.05). In addition, histological measurements were similar in cows and buffaloes (P>0.05). In the experiment 2, oviducts of buffaloes and cows treated to show a single ovulation, were dissected and placed in two media (with or without estradiol [E2] in a 2x2 factorial) and incubated for 30 minutes. After this period, microesferes were used to assess of the cilia movements. When placed in the infundibulum, microesferes moved toward the uterus (P>0.05). The microesferes in the ampulla moved towards the uterus and ovary in a similar fashion in both genetic groups (P>0.05). The microesferes in the isthmus, moved towards the ovary in cows; whereas, they moved towards the uterus in buffalo (P<0.05). There was no effect of media in the cilia movements at any portion of the oviduct neither in buffaloes or cows. In the experiment 3, oviducts of buffaloes and cows in the same conditions as in the previous experiment (single ovulation in with or without E2), received oocytes originated from buffaloes or cows (2x2x2 factorial). These oviducts were incubated for 24h and then flushed for oocyte recovery. The total number and the recovery rate of oocytes were higher for cows than for buffaloes (P<0.05). Interestingly, there was no effect of treatment in these same variables (P>0.05). The number of oocytes from buffaloes and cows that were recovered was similar (P>0.05). These results indicate that oocytes transport through the oviduct of buffaloes or cows does not depend on the oocyte specie and is not influenced by the E2. In the experiment 4, buffaloes and cows were treated in order to induce single or multiple ovulation. Females were inseminated and submitted to laparotomy in order to insert, inside the oviduct, oocytes of buffaloes or cows (2x2x2 factorial). Genital tracts were flushed on day 5 (oocytes from buffaloes) and on day 6 (oocytes from cows) after laparotomy for recovery of embryonic structures. The number of embryonic structures recovered was higher for cows when compared to the buffaloes (P<0.05). No effect of treatment or oocyte origin were found for the number or the rate of embryonic structures recovery (P>0.05). In conclusion, it is likely that type of oocyte and treatment do not affect transport of oocytes in the oviducts of buffaloes and cows (AU)