Full text
| |
| Author(s): |
Renata Carolina Fernandes Santos
Total Authors: 1
|
| Document type: | Master's Dissertation |
| Press: | São Paulo. |
| Institution: | Universidade de São Paulo (USP). Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia (FMVZ/SBD) |
| Defense date: | 2011-10-07 |
| Examining board members: |
Eliana Reiko Matushima;
Paulo Rogério Mangini;
Rodrigo Martins Soares
|
| Advisor: | Eliana Reiko Matushima |
| Abstract | |
Giardia and Cryptosporidium are cosmopolitan protozoans whose epidemiology is especially important due to its significant zoonotic potencial. Wild animals are often reported as reservoirs of human giardiosis and cryptosporidiosis, however, there is little evidence about their real importance in the maintenance and dissemination of these protozoosis. In order to evaluate the occurrence and determine the genotypes responsible for neotropical mammals infection, 452 fecal samples of 52 different species, in situ and ex situ, of seven locations were evaluated by microscopic methods of diagnosis, followed by molecular amplification (Nested PCR), sequencing and genotypic chacacterization techniques. The results revealed an apparent prevalence of 6,2% for Giardia spp. and 4,8% for Cryptosporidium spp. (n=343). Seventeen different species of wild mammals were positive, 11 for Giardia spp., nine for Cryptosporidium spp. and three for both protozoans. Molecular characterization shows predominant presence of zoonotic genotypes in captive mammals (Giardia duodenalis genotype AI) and host-specific genotypes in free-living animals (Cryptosporidium sp. rat genotype III and Cryptosporidium wrairi). Giardia duodenalis genotype D in crab-eating fox Cerdocyon thous and Cryptosporidium sp. deer mouse genotype IV in black howler monkey Alouatta caraya, both in captivity, were also identified. Ecological aspects, like habitat, trophic guilds, strategy of using the environment and human influence, were considered relevant to occurrence of the parasites. These findings could demonstrate wild mammals can be infected by zoonotic and specific genotypes of agents, which shows the importance of studies using this approach to suggest possible relationships between protozoans, human hosts, domestic animals and wildlife facing different environmental characteristics. (AU) | |
| FAPESP's process: | 10/04653-0 - Importance of neotropical mammals in the epidemiology of protozoosis: diagnosis, molecular characterization and ecological aspects of infection by Giardia and Cryptosporidium |
| Grantee: | Renata Carolina Fernandes Santos |
| Support Opportunities: | Scholarships in Brazil - Master |