Evaluation of DNA extraction methods of Cryptosporidium spp. in feces and comparison of nested PCR with sucrose centrifugal flotation method

Author(s)

Mikaela Renata Funada

• Document type: Master's Dissertation
• Press: São Paulo.
• Institution: Universidade de São Paulo (USP). Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia (FMVZ/SBD)
• Defense date: 2009-02-19

Examining board members

Rodrigo Martins Soares; Marcelo Vasconcelos Meireles; Hilda Fátima de Jesus Pena

• Advisor: Rodrigo Martins Soares

Abstract

The performance of six methods for DNA extraction from Cryptosporidium spp. oocysts in feces were evaluated by nested PCR of SSU rRNA gene. The methods are the combination with small variations of two techniques for the release of sporozoites (induction of excystation/E or thermal shock/C) and three techniques for DNA purification (phenol-chloroform/F, GuSCN-silica/S or QIAmp DNA Stool Mini kit/K). For the evaluation of analytical sensitivity, tests were made from serial dilutions of purified oocysts, in absence and in presence of 100 μl of cattle feces. The diagnostic sensitivity was assessed by comparison with the microscopic method of centrifugalflotation in sucrose (gold standard) in 15 fecal samples from different naturally infected hosts. In the absence of feces, only methods EF, ES, FC, and CS were tested. EF had the highest analytical sensitivity, enabling the detection of up to 1 oocyst. In the presence of feces, methods EF, EK, and CK showed similar performance, with sensitivity of 104 oocysts. The highest sensitivities were obtained by methods EK and CK, which enabled the detection of 13 (86.7%) of 15 samples. Due to the high analytical sensitivity of EF in purified samples, its diagnostic sensitivity was evaluated in samples of purified oocysts by the method of centrifugal-flotation in sucrose, resulting in 100% detection. The presence of inhibitors in fecal samples greatly reduced the sensitivity of the PCR reactions from DNA extraction methods evaluated, and the use of techniques for purification of oocysts prior to DNA extraction is recommended. The results show a better performance of the methods of induction of excystation and QIAmp DNA Stool Mini kit. (AU)