Soybean crude in feeding of dairy cows in late lactation

Author(s)

Beatriz Conte Venturelli

• Document type: Master's Dissertation
• Press: Pirassununga.
• Institution: Universidade de São Paulo (USP). Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia (FMVZ/SBD)
• Defense date: 2011-12-16

Examining board members

Francisco Palma Rennó; Marcos Veiga dos Santos; Marcus Antonio Zanetti

• Advisor: Francisco Palma Rennó

Abstract

This study was carried to evaluate the effects of different levels of crude soybean in feeding of dairy cows in late lactation on intake and nutrients digestibility, ruminal fermentation, microbial protein synthesis, productive performance, fatty acids profile of milk fat, concentrations of blood parameters, balance of energy and nitrogen and excretion and composition of soybean present in faeces. Sixteen Holstein cows, allocated in four latin squares balanced 4x4, fed with the following diets: 1) Control (C), composed of feed without the inclusion of soybean, 2) Soybean 9% (G9), 3) Soybean 18% (G18), and 4) Soybean 27% (G27), using respectively 9.0, 18.0 and 27% of whole soybean in dry matter. Were evaluated daily milk yield and dry matter intake during throughout the experimental period. The samples used for milk composition analysis were collected on the 16th day of each period, from total milking. Blood samples were collected with vacuolized tubes from coccygeal vein and/or artery. The samples of ruminal fluid were collected with use of esophageal probe three hours after the morning feeding. The digestibility was determined use of an internal indicator (ADFi). There was observed a decrease in dry matter intake and non-fibrous carbohydrates in cows fed the G27 ration compared to other diets. The extract ether intake has increased linear effect, where the animals submitted to G27 diet presented higher levels. Not was observing difference in apparent total digestibility of the nutrients, although the digestibility of nonfibrous carbohydrates has a decrease in the animals submitted to G27. No were observed effects of diets used in ruminal pH. The ruminal ammonia concentration was higher for cows that received the control diet compared to diets with soybean. Among the ration G24 resulted in decreased of milk yield and protein (kg/day). The levels of fat were affected by fat sources added to the diet, showing that the soybean as a source of fat does not depress the concentration of fat. Were observe a change of profile the fatty acid of milk fat, the proportion of unsaturated fatty acids and C18:0 was higher as they increased the inclusion of soybean on diets. The concentrations of total cholesterol and HDL were higher for cows fed diets containing soybean in relation to the control diet. Also, not were observe effects of diets in microbial protein synthesis. The balance of energy was influenced by experimental diets. The balance of nitrogen not influenced by experimental diets. There excretion of fecal nitrogen was higher for G27 diet. The composition of faeces G27 diet showed larger percentages of protein and fat, and excretion of soybean in the feces showed an increasing linear effect, as well as the increased levels of inclusion of grain increased excretion in the faeces. The use of 27% of soybean in the diet has a subtle alter the productive performance and metabolism in dairy cows. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 09/12022-3 - Use of Whole Soybeans in Dairy Cows Rations
• Grantee: Beatriz Conte Venturelli
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Master