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| Author(s): |
Priscilla de Barros Rossetto
Total Authors: 1
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| Document type: | Doctoral Thesis |
| Press: | Piracicaba. |
| Institution: | Universidade de São Paulo (USP). Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz (ESALA/BC) |
| Defense date: | 2008-04-30 |
| Examining board members: |
Aline Aparecida Pizzirani kleiner;
Joao Lucio de Azevedo;
Sabrina Moutinho Chabregas;
Carlos Alberto Labate;
Tsai Siu Mui
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| Advisor: | Aline Aparecida Pizzirani kleiner |
| Abstract | |
Many factors, such as seasonal variations, kinds of vegetal tissue, cultivares and host species, kind of soil, interaction with beneficial or pathogen microorganisms, among others, affect the structure and composition of plants bacterial community. The introduction of genetically modified plants (GMP) was added to the set of these factors, making it possible to cause direct and indirect effects on the bacterial community. Sugarcane is a very important crop in Brazil; the cultivation area is expanding due to incentives to alcohol production. A potentially important bacterium for sugar cane cultivation is the Methylobacterium, which is an important endophyte for several cultures of economic interest and which can improve seed germination in sugar cane, promote an increase of plant weight and foliar area, and also the internodes. Thus, the work had as objectives: i) to assess the effects of transgenic sugarcane resistant to insects and herbicide on the associated bacterial community; ii) to assess if the presumed effect caused by transgenic sugarcane resistant to herbicides derives directly from the transgene or differentiated cultural handlings to which the genetically modified plant is undertaken; iii) to assess the interaction between Methylobacterium ssp. and sugarcane. Analyzing the bacterial density of conventional and transgenic sugarcane plants it was not possible to see differences related to the introduction of these plants. Analyzing only in relation to the handling of both experiments, it was possible to see that differences in cultural wielding or handling of plants derived or not from transgenia can influence the bacterial community. By means of ARDRA, it was possible to see a differentiated distribution of ribotypes with the introduction of GMPs. In the experiment made only with transgenic plants for Imazapyr resistance, it was possible to see that in 17 months, the presence of the transgenic plant and the application of Imazapyr herbicide can bring result regarding the bacterial density reduction associated to sugarcane rizosphere. By means of DGGE, it was seen that the physiological status of the plant was the greatest variation source. Again, by means of ARDRA, ribotypes whose presence was affected by transgenic plant cultivation were observed. If distributed differently, these ribotypes can represent important functional groups. The Methylobacterium ssp. Colonization in sugarcane was analyzed and by means of scanning electronic microscopy, re-isolation, and fluorescence optical microscopy. It was observed that the utilized lineages colonize sugarcane being cuticle flange and perilous regions of root the highest colonization points. Other studies are needed to a better good use of this bacterium in sugarcane culture. (AU) | |