Development and characterization of microsatellite markers for castor (Ricinus communis L.) germplasm

Author(s)

Miklos Maximiliano Bajay

• Document type: Master's Dissertation
• Press: Piracicaba.
• Institution: Universidade de São Paulo (USP). Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz (ESALA/BC)
• Defense date: 2010-01-28

Examining board members

José Baldin Pinheiro; Tammy Aparecida Manabe Kiihl; Giancarlo Conde Xavier Oliveira

• Advisor: José Baldin Pinheiro

Abstract

The castor bean (Ricinus communis L.) is an oil plant with a high economic and social value in Brazil and over the world. The seeds contain oil with excellent properties for industrial uses. It is the only vegetable oil soluble in alcohol, presenting high viscosity and requiring less heating than other oils during the production of biodiesel. Castor diversity is well represented in Brazilian germplasm collections, but there is little information on the molecular characterization of the accessions, and diversity loss is a serious risk. The success in a breeding program depends on the knowledge about the genetic diversity of the available germplasm. Microsattelite is an important tool for estimating the Genetic diversity, This study aims to develop microsatellite markers from an enriched microsatellite DNA library for castor and characterize in genotypes accessions from the castor germplasm of the Brazilian Agricultural Research Company (EMBRAPA), castor germplasm of the Agronomic Institute at Campinas (IAC) and genotypes from State University of São Paulo (UNESP) - Botucatu. From the 41 loci microsatellites analyzed, 26 showed polymorphism revealing 111 alleles independent (4,27 alleles by loco). 37 alleles have presented an inferior frequency 5%, being considered as rare alleles. 41 alleles are particular, being observed in only one of the three analyzed populations. The average allelic richness was 2,554. The average HO=0,054 was smaller than the average HE=0,473, evidencing a heterozygote deficit (average GIS=0,845). The samples has shown a strong structure with a significant differentiation (GST\'= 0.364). The Twenty six loci differ significantly from Hardy Weinberg Equilibrium (P<5%) after Bonferroni correction. The Results of STRUCTURE graphic, main component analysis and dendrograms shows the formation of two genetically distinct groups, a group is composed by the accesses of the EMBRAPA and the other group is composed by the accesses of the IAC and the genotypes of UNESP - Botucatu. This fact indicates that the genetic diversity of castor is well represented. Knowledge on the genetic diversity of castor can be used to gain a better understanding on genetic diversity conservation, and germplasm management, guiding breeding programs and conservation strategies. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 07/06269-0 - Development of Libraries Enriched with Loci SSR and Characterization of Germplasm of Castor
• Grantee: Miklos Maximiliano Bajay
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Master