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| Author(s): |
Rute Magalhães Brito
Total Authors: 1
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| Document type: | Doctoral Thesis |
| Press: | São Paulo. |
| Institution: | Universidade de São Paulo (USP). Instituto de Biociências (IBIOC/SB) |
| Defense date: | 2005-06-20 |
| Examining board members: |
Maria Cristina Arias;
Lucio Antonio de Oliveira Campos;
Marco Antonio Del Lama;
Maria Elena Infante Malachias;
Cristina Yumi Miyaki
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| Advisor: | Maria Cristina Arias |
| Abstract | |
The Partamona genus comprises 33 species distributed from south Mexico to south Brazil. This genus has been studied at different levels: cytogenetical, ethological and morphological. This work aimed at to contribute with molecular data for the knowledge about the group performing a population study employing the PCR+RFLP of mtDNA, and analysis of microsatellite loci from nuclear DNA of two species, P. mulata which is distributed in south Mato Grosso and north Mato Grosso do Sul, and P. helleri which geographic distribution is wider, from Santa Catarina to southern Bahia. It was detected two haplotypes in 58 colonies of P. mulata, each one differing by one single restriction site. The statistical analyses indicated no differentiation among populations suggesting that the species could have passed through a recent populational bottleneck. It was observed ten haplotypes in 47 colonies of P. helleri, some exclusive and others shared among populations. Statistical analysis pointed high population differentiation and the observed phylogeography distribution suggested a possible recent isolation probably by Atlantic Forest fragmentation during the Pleistocene. The microsatellite analysis showed low genetic variability in both species and discrete population structuring, not related to the geographic distribution. This might be consequence of migration of males, since the queens are highly phylopatric, or habitat fragmentation by degradation of savanna and Atlantic forest areas, or null alleles caused by the use of heterospecific primers. The relatedness investigation revealed only one patriline in nest mates of P. mulata that suggests monoandry for this species. It was found two patrilines in P. helleri that can be resulted from more than one mating or recent queen replacement. The partial characterization of the mtDNA of two Partamona species can contribute to further phylogenetic studies among bees of this genus or among other Meliponini species. The populational analysis showed the genetic variability status of the species, their putative evolutionary histories and the possible relation between the results and the environmental degradation in their distribution areas. (AU) | |