Evaluation of the role of prohibitin in the development of resistance in cisplatin-treated human melanomas cells

Author(s)

Tharcisio Citrangulo Tortelli Júnior

• Document type: Master's Dissertation
• Press: São Paulo.
• Institution: Universidade de São Paulo (USP). Faculdade de Medicina (FM/SBD)
• Defense date: 2008-12-11

Examining board members

Roger Chammas; Lewis Joel Greene; Soraya Soubhi Smaili

• Advisor: Roger Chammas

Abstract

The incidence of melanomas has grown world-wide. Besides representing a potential problem of public health for its increasing incidence, melanomas are tumors of difficult treatment, especially when diagnosed in advanced phases. The clinical objective response rate does not exceed 30% in these cases. The molecular bases of chemoresistance are not completely clarified and their understanding will be useful for the delineation of chemosensitization strategies. In previous studies, we observed that the treatment of a human metastatic melanoma cell line with the chemotherapeutic agent cisplatin induced the accumulation of prohibitin in the surviving cells. Prohibitin is ubiquitously expressed molecule in most cells. There is evidence that the nuclear form is involved with the process of cell death and inhibition of E2F1, while the cytoplasmic form seems to act as mitochondrial chaperone, guaranteeing its homeostasis. The aim of this project was to evaluate the subcellular compartmentalization and protein expression profile of prohibitin, after treatment with 25M of cisplatin for 24 hours in different human metastatic melanoma cell line, and the effect of its underexpression, using siRNA. We showed that, in human melanoma cell lines, LB373Mel, SKMel 37 and Mel 85, prohibitin was found predominantly in the cytoplasm, associated at least in part with the mitochondria. Upon cisplatin treatment, a fraction of prohibitin was also found in the nucleus, as detected by using a monoclonal antibody (clone II-14-10). Knockdown experiments were successful in two out of three cell lines. In these two cell lines (LB373Mel and Mel 85) blockage of the accumulation of prohibitin upon cisplatin treatment led to chemosensitization. Chemosensitization to cisplatin was not observed for SKMel 37 cells, which accumulated prohibitin even when treated with prohibitin specific siRNA oligonucleotides. Altogether, we concluded that expression of prohibitin is part of the cellular response that leads to cell survival in melanoma cells exposed to cisplatin (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 06/01937-2 - Evaluation of prohibitin role in developing resistance to chemotherapeutic treatment against melanomas
• Grantee: Tharcisio Citrangulo Tortelli Junior
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Master