Functional and structural characterization of acidic phospholipase A2 isolated from Bothrops pirajai snake venom.

Author(s)

Sabrina Schaaf Teixeira

• Document type: Master's Dissertation
• Press: Ribeirão Preto.
• Institution: Universidade de São Paulo (USP). Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto (PCARP/BC)
• Defense date: 2009-03-04

Examining board members

Andreimar Martins Soares; Renê de Oliveira Beleboni; Hosana Maria Debonsi

• Advisor: Andreimar Martins Soares

Abstract

The proteomic characterization of snake venoms significantly contributes to science advance in the biomedical area. Several venom toxins are used as instruments for the investigation of cellular and molecular mechanisms, and are involved in a number of physiopathological and intoxication processes. Nevertheless, snake venoms still require further functional and/or biological characterization. Phospholipases A2 (PLA2s) are enzymes that induce several pharmacological effects and usually correspond to the major percentage of snake venom protein contents. Being so, the isolation and characterization of PLA2s could generate important information for the better understanding of the pharmacological and toxic effects caused by these proteins. This work describes the isolation and biochemical, enzymatic and functional characterization of the first acidic Asp49 PLA2 (named Bpir-I-PLA2) from the venom of Bothrops pirajai snake, an endemic species from the south region of state of Bahia and that nowadays is part of the national list of Brazilian fauna species threatened of extinction. The isolation of Bpir-I-PLA2 was carried out by two chromatographic steps, an ion-exchange chromatography followed by reverse phase HPLC. When submitted to polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis for acidic proteins, Bpir-I-PLA2 showed high homogeneity level. The relative molecular mass, determined by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis with denaturating agent, was of approximately 28,000 for the dimmer and 14,500 for the monomer. With high phospholipase activity and pharmacological effects, characteristic of acidic isoforms, Bpir-I-PLA2 did not present myotoxic activity and showed to be little edematogenic. However, the enzyme acts inhibiting platelet aggregation, delaying plasma clotting time and inducing hypotension, antitumoral effects, antibacteria, antifungal and parasiticide actions. The treatment of the enzyme with the reagent p-bromofenacil brometo neutralized the enzymatic activities, inhibition of aggregation platelet, anticoagulant, hypotensive and antitumoral. The moderate activity edematogenic was inhibited partially. The cDNA (BPIR-A) that codes the protein Bpir-I-PLA2 was cloned and the protein recombinant, expressed. Bpir-I-PLA2 recombinant presented the same sequence of amino acids, structures secondary, phospholipase activity and inhibitory effects on platelet of the native protein, suggesting that recPLA2 was efficiently express and isolated. Due to its low toxicity, Bpir-I-PLA2 could become an important tool in the study of the disorders of the clotting as well as a potential model for the elaboration of new drugs for use in the clinic-doctor. (AU)