In situ effect of chewing gum containing casein phosphopeptide - amorphous calcium phosphate on dental erosion

Author(s)

Catarina Ribeiro Barros de Alencar

• Document type: Master's Dissertation
• Press: Bauru.
• Institution: Universidade de São Paulo (USP). Faculdade de Odontologia de Bauru (FOB/SDB)
• Defense date: 2013-05-29

Examining board members

Daniela Rios; Alberto Carlos Botazzo Delbem; Maria Aparecida de Andrade Moreira Machado

• Advisor: Daniela Rios

Abstract

This study evaluated the in situ effect of a commercial chewing gum containing casein phosphopeptide - amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP) on dental erosion. On the first stage (remineralizing effect) 72 human enamel blocks, which were selected by surface hardness (SHi) and eroded in vitro by immersion in cola drink, pH 2,4 for 3 minutes (hardness evaluation - SHd) were used. Blocks were randomized into 3 groups: GI Trident Fresh® (conventional gum, without CPP-ACP), GII control (no gum) and GIII Trident Total® (with CPP-ACP). Twelve volunteers wore intraoral palatal devices for 24 h in 3 crossover phases. In phases of GI and GIII volunteers chewed a gum (30 min) and in all phases after 2h, the surface hardness was evaluated (SHf1). The blocks were reinserted and the devices used for additional 22h (+ 3 cycles of chewing gum - GI e GIII). The surface hardness was reassessed (SHf2) to calculate the percentage of surface hardness recovery (%SHR) after 2 and 24h. In the second stage (erosive cycling) 48 healthy human enamel blocks were randomized between groups (GI, GII and GIII) and 8 volunteers wore intraoral palatal devices in crossover phases of 7 days each (washout of 7 days). The cycling protocol consisted of 4 daily immersions of the intraoral device into 150 ml of cola drink for 5 min. In groups I and III after each erosive challenge and oral device reinsertion into oral cavity, the volunteers chewed a gum for 30 min. The enamel surface alterations were measured by profilometry (&#x3BC;m). Data were analyzed by Anova (Two way - stage 1, One way - stage 2) and Turkeys test (&#x3B1;=0,05). The results of percentage of surface hardness recovery showed significant differences for factors groups and time (p<0.05). Trident Total® (2h = 50.0%; 24h = 95.9%) showed higher percentage of surface hardness recovery than the Trident Fresh® (2h = 30.0%; 24h = 71.1%) and control group (2h = 15.7% 24h = 40.9%). In the prolonged erosive challenge, Trident Total® (5.2 ± 2.8 &#x3BC;m) and Trident Fresh® (3.8 ± 1.5 µm) significantly reduced tooth wear compared to control group (6.8 ± 3, 5 µm). However, there was no significant difference between chewing gums. It is concluded that the saliva remineralizing effect increased after the use of conventional chewing gum and was enhanced by prolonged period of remineralization and by the presence of CPPACP in the chewing gum. However for the adopted erosive challenge, despite the conventional chewing gum being able to diminish erosive wear, the chewing gum containing CPP-ACP showed similar effect. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 11/16326-7 - In situ effect of chewing gum containning casein phosphopeptide - amorphous calcium phosphate (cpp-acp)on dental erosion
• Grantee: Catarina Ribeiro Barros de Alencar
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Master