Full text
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| Author(s): |
Sheina Koffler
Total Authors: 1
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| Document type: | Master's Dissertation |
| Press: | São Paulo. |
| Institution: | Universidade de São Paulo (USP). Instituto de Biociências (IBIOC/SB) |
| Defense date: | 2013-06-18 |
| Examining board members: |
Astrid de Matos Peixoto Kleinert;
Denise de Araujo Alves;
Cristiano Menezes
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| Advisor: | Astrid de Matos Peixoto Kleinert |
| Abstract | |
In colonies of eusocial insects, it is expected a trade-off in resource allocation between worker and sexual offspring production, as workers perform tasks essential to colony\'s survival, while males and queens are associated with reproduction. In this study, we tested the following hypotheses: (1) that sexual offspring production would be directly related to food resources availability and (2) that there would be a temporal regulation of sexual offspring production, with a favorable season to reproductives production (summer) and a less favorable season (winter). The study system was the stingless bee Scaptotrigona aff. depilis and two experiments were conducted. In the first experiment, in summer, fifteen standardized colonies were set up and randomly assigned into five groups. Groups A2 and C2 received twice the amount of artificial food (sugar syrup and Apis mellifera pollen) than colonies from groups A1 and C1. Colonies from groups C2 and C1 were kept confined, while colonies from groups A2 and A1 could forage freely. The control group A0 did not receive any artificial food and the colonies remained open. In the winter the same experiment was carried out, only with groups with open colonies. In experiment 2, the amount of pollen stored in the colonies was manipulated. The colonies of group Co were not manipulated and presented a mean number of 44 pots of pollen, colonies from group A received 96 pots and colonies from group B 12 pots (mean). In summer (experiment 1), there was a significant effect for confinement, however for both seasons, there was no effect for food amount on sexual offspring production. For both seasons, there was a large intra-group variation and a few colonies were responsible for major male production. There was no difference on sexual offspring production between seasons. In winter, the production of males and royal cells was positively correlated with the amount of food pots in the colonies. In experiment 2, even though there was an initial difference in relation to food stores, a fast recovery on food storage was observed, specially for group B. There was no difference on sexual offspring production due to experimental treatment, however male production was correlated with the number of pollen pots, as in experiment 1. Considering these results together, it was not possible to refute the hypotheses of the positive effect of amount of food resources and the effect of seasonality on the production of sexual offspring in S. aff. depilis. (AU) | |
| FAPESP's process: | 11/03698-3 - Influence of the amount of food resources and seasonality on the production of sexual offspring in Scaptotrigona aff. depilis (Apidae, Meliponini) |
| Grantee: | Sheina Koffler |
| Support Opportunities: | Scholarships in Brazil - Master |