Milk yield and composition of cows with subclinical mastitis caused by coagulase negative staphylococci

Author(s)

Tiago Tomazi

• Document type: Master's Dissertation
• Press: Pirassununga.
• Institution: Universidade de São Paulo (USP). Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia (FMVZ/SBD)
• Defense date: 2013-06-28

Examining board members

Marcos Veiga dos Santos; Eduardo Harry Birgel Junior; Hélio Langoni

• Advisor: Marcos Veiga dos Santos

Abstract

Coagulase negative staphylococci (CNS) are the most isolated group of mastitis pathogens in many countries. However, the diversity of species and the absence of a simple and fast identification method are limiting factors for the evaluation of the effect of CNS mastitis effect on milk yield and composition of dairy cows. Therefore, the main objectives of this study were: 1) to evaluate the effect of subclinical intramammary infection (IMI) caused by CNS on milk yield and composition at mammary quarter level; 2) to determine the effect of IMI caused by CNS on the milk composition and somatic cell count (SCC); 3) to evaluate the technique of matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization - time-of-flight - mass spectrometry (MALDI/TOF-MS) for species identification of CNS isolated from mammary glands; 4) to evaluate the frequency of CNS species isolated from cows with subclinical mastitis. Milk samples were collected from 1,242 cows distributed in 21 dairy herds. Milk samples were collected in two visits to the farm: first, composite milk samples were aseptically collected for identification of mastitis causative pathogens; and the second, the milk yield was measured and milk samples were collected at mammary quarter level for cows with isolation of CNS to confirm the diagnosis and for analysis of milk composition and SCC. Isolates of CNS were genotypically differentiated by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) associated with restriction fragment length polymorphism assays and by MALDI-TOF MS. Thirteen CNS reference strains commonly isolated from mastitis were used as positive controls for the two identification methods. A total of 108 mammary quarters were genotipically identified by PCR-RFLP. Of these, 41 pairs of contralateral mammary quarters both with and without IIM caused by SCN were evaluated. Mammary quarters infected with CNS presented higher SCC (496.99 x 103 cells / mL) than contralateral healthy mammary quarters (160.79 x 103 cells / mL). Intramammary infection caused by CNS did not affect the milk yield and the concentrations of fat, protein, casein, lactose, total solids and solids not fat. Of the 108 samples identified by PCR-RFLP, 103 (95.37%) were also identified by MALDI-TOF MS with to the species level. Five CNS had reliable identification at genus level (Staphylococcus spp.). All the reference strains were correctly identified by both identification methods. The most prevalent species isolated from samples collected from cows with mastitis were Staphylococcus chromogenes (n = 80, 74.07%), followed by S. saprophyticus (n = 6, 5.55%) and S. haemolyticus (n = 5, 4.63%). In conclusion, subclinical mastitis caused by CNS increases the SCC, but do not affect the milk yield and composition. The MALDI-TOF MS is a sensitive method (95.37%) that can be used for the identification of CNS species causing mastitis. Staphylococcus chromogenes is the most prevalent CNS species isolated in the samples collected from cows with subclinical mastitis. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 11/04063-1 - Production and milk composition in dairy cows with mastitis caused by coagulase negative staphylococci
• Grantee: Tiago Tomazi
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Master