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| Author(s): |
Rodolfo Daniel Mingoti
Total Authors: 1
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| Document type: | Master's Dissertation |
| Press: | Pirassununga. |
| Institution: | Universidade de São Paulo (USP). Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia (FMVZ/SBD) |
| Defense date: | 2013-09-03 |
| Examining board members: |
Francisco Palma Rennó;
Ives Cláudio da Silva Bueno;
Enrico Lippi Ortolani
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| Advisor: | Francisco Palma Rennó |
| Abstract | |
This study was carried to evaluate the effect of different levels of chitosan in feeding of dairy cows in lactation on intake and nutrients digestibility, ruminal fermentation, microbial protein synthesis, productive performance, fatty acids profile of milk fat, concentrations of blood parameters, balance of energy and nitrogen. Sixteen Holstein cows, multiparous, weighing an average 610 kg, was allocated in four latin squares balanced 4x4, having respectively 60, 81, 102, 123 days in milk at the start of each experimental period, in which were offered the following diets: 1) Control (CT), 2) 50 Chitosan (Q50) 3) Chitosan 100 (Q100 and 4) Chitosan 150 (Q150) respectively composed with the inclusion of 0, 50, 100 and 150 mg / kg body weight of chitosan. The diets consisted of corn silage and concentrate in ratio 50:50. Supplementation with chitosan was fractionated into two portions of equal weight and put above the concentrate immediately before the first and second feeding. Daily, weight measurements were carried of amount of forage and concentrates provided and remnant from the diets from each animal to estimate the intake. Samples of silage, remnant from diets and feces were collected the 15th to the 18th day of each experimental period, stored in plastic bags in a freezer at -20°C, and later undergoing analyzes chemical bromatologic of major nutrients. The digestibility was determined using of an internal indicator (FDAi). The samples of ruminal liquid were collected with use of esophageal probe three hours after the morning feeding. The milk production and dry matter intake were measured daily during the whole experimental period. The samples used for analysis of milk composition were collected in the 16th day of each experimental period, derived to the two daily milkings. Spot urine samples were obtained on the 16th day of each experimental period, four hours after the morning feeding during urination stimulated by massage at the vulva. Blood samples were collected in tubes vacuolized by venipuncture and / or coccygeal artery. There was no effect for the variables of intake of dry matter and nutrients, fermentation and microbial protein synthesis ruminal, milk production and composition. Linear effect was observed for the variables urea excretion N-fecal (% Total Nitrogen). However, there was negative linear effect (P <0.05) for the variables of excretion N-Fecal (g / day) concentrations of short chain fatty acids (<C16) and observed lower concentrations of FA in diets that there was adding chitosan, however, concentrations of long chain fatty acids (> C16) were inversely correlated, in which noted higher concentrations was at the diets there was wherein inclusion of the additive. There was quadratic effect of experimental diets on digestibility of dry matter, organic matter, crude protein and neutral detergent fiber; utilization efficiency Energy and Nitrogen; excretion of NMilk (% Total Nitrogen). Similarly, we observed a quadratic effect of experimental diets on the total concentration of chain fatty acids with 18 carbons (C18), which was a higher concentration when included AG 100 mg / kg BW of chitosan. The same effect was seen for the total fatty acids, unsaturated (C18 unsaturated), where there was numerically, greater concentration in the diet with 100 mg / kg BW of chitosan. The use of chitosan as an additive modulator ruminal fermentation in feed of lactating cows in mid lactation, feeding with corn silage, did not showed change at food intake, however, showed improvement in apparent digestibility of dry matter and nutrients as well as, in the use of nitrogen efficiency. (AU) | |
| FAPESP's process: | 11/05498-1 - Productive performance, digestion and metabolism of dairy cows fed with different levels of chitosan in diets |
| Grantee: | Rodolfo Daniel Mingoti |
| Support Opportunities: | Scholarships in Brazil - Master |