Abstract
Anurans are vulnerable to various pollutants. Benzo[alpha]pyrene (BaP) is a contaminant with hepatotoxic, immunotoxic and genotoxic properties. Metabolized by the enzyme P450 (CYP1A1) produces toxic subproducts that can lead to the death of organisms. However, defense cells aid in the detoxification process. Melanomacrophages (MMs) are phagocytic cells that produce melanin, and the melani…