CYP-dependent induction of glutathione S-transferase in Daphnia similis exposed to a disperse azo dye

Author(s)

Yu, Tsai Hsin ^[1] ; Dafre, Alcir Luiz ^[2] ; Umbuzeiro, Gisela de Arago ^[1] ; Franciscon, Elisangela ^[1]

Affiliation

^[1] Univ Estadual Campinas, Technol Sch, BR-13484332 Limeira, SP - Brazil

^[2] Univ Fed Santa Catarina, Dept Biochem, Ctr Biol Sci, BR-88040900 Florianpolis, SC - Brazil

• Document type: Journal article
• Source: ECOTOXICOLOGY; v. 24, n. 1, p. 232-237, JAN 2015.
• Web of Science Citations: 5

Abstract

Disperse Red 1 (DR1) is an azo dye that can reach the aquatic environment through the discharge of textile industrial wastewaters. It has been tested in Daphnia similis and shown to be highly toxic. Cytochrome P450 (CYP) is a class of enzymes involved in phase I of detoxification, while glutathione S-transferase (GST) are a class of phase II enzymes. No information about phase I or II dye metabolism in microcrustacea were found in the literature. In this study we identified CYP and GST enzymes involved in the metabolism of DR1 in juveniles of D. similis. Using spectrophotometric analysis we showed that 50 % of the dye was absorbed by the organisms, which could be confirmed by the reddish color of animals exposed to DR1, however adsorption cannot be ruled out. GST activity increased from 280 to 615 nmol(-1) min(-1) mg when D. similis were exposed for 48 h to 0.2 mg L-1 DR1 and from 274 to 815 nmol(-1) min(-1) mg when exposed to 5 mg L-1. Data clearly demonstrate that exposure to DR1 can stimulate a strong induction of GST activity, whose participation in DR1 metabolism needs to be confirmed. The induction of GST activity seems to be dependent on CYP activity, since treatment with SKF535A, a CYP inhibitor, blocked the DR1-dependent GST induction. We speculate that GST is involved in DR1 metabolism in Daphnia and that CYP activity is necessary to induce GST-activity, which is an indirect evidence of its role in the biotransformation of DR1. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 08/10449-7 - Assessment of occurrence, toxicity/genotoxicity and degradation processes of dyes in effluents and surface water
• Grantee: Maria Valnice Boldrin
• Support Opportunities: Research Projects - Thematic Grants
• FAPESP's process: 10/13003-0 - ASSESSMENT OF OCURRENCE, TOXICITY/GENOTOXICITY BY AN ANAEROBIC-AEROBIC SYSTEM FOR AZO DYES DEGRADATION
• Grantee: Elisangela Franciscon Guimaro Dias
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Post-Doctoral
• FAPESP's process: 12/01253-7 - Glutathione S-transferase contribution in the Disperse Red 1 dye activation in Daphnia similis
• Grantee: Tsai Hsin Yu
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Scientific Initiation