Oxidative DNA damage in diabetic and mild gestational hyperglycemic pregnant women

Author(s)

Gelaleti, Rafael Bottaro ^[1] ; Damasceno, Debora Cristina ^[1] ; Ortiz Lima, Paula Helena ^[2] ; Favero Salvadori, Daisy Maria ^[1] ; Paranhos Calderon, Iracema de Mattos ^[1] ; Peracoli, Jose Carlos ^[1] ; Cunha Rudge, Marilza Vieira ^{[1, 3]}

Affiliation

^[1] UNESP Univ Estadual Paulista, Botucatu Med Sch, Sao Paulo - Brazil

^[2] Inst Dante Pazzanese Cardiol, Sao Paulo - Brazil

^[3] Univ Estadual Paulista, Fac Med Botucatu, Dept Ginecol & Obstet, BR-18618000 Sao Paulo - Brazil

• Document type: Journal article
• Source: DIABETOLOGY & METABOLIC SYNDROME; v. 7, JAN 15 2015.
• Web of Science Citations: 9

Abstract

Background: Pregnant women with mild gestational hyperglycemia present high risk for hypertension, obesity and hyperglycemia, and appeared to reproduce the model of metabolic syndrome in pregnancy, with hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance. Our clinical studies showed that mild gestational hyperglycemia or gestational diabetes are related to similar adverse maternal and perinatal outcomes. Hyperglycemia and other factors associated with diabetes generate reactive oxygen species that increase DNA damage levels. The aim of this study was to evaluate oxidative DNA damage in lymphocytes of pregnant women with diabetes or mild gestational hyperglycemia. Methods: The study included 111 pregnant women distributed into three groups based on oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and glycemic profiles (GP), as follows: Normal OGTT and GP (control group); Normal OGTT and abnormal GP (mild gestational hyperglycemia group); Abnormal OGTT and GP (diabetic group). Maternal blood samples (5-10 mL) were collected and processed for determination of oxidative DNA damage by the comet assay, using Fpg and Endo III enzymes. Urine samples were also collected for determination of 8-OHdG concentrations by ELISA. Results: Subjects in the diabetes group presented increased amount of oxidized purines, while mild gestational hyperglycemia women presented with increased oxidized pyrimidines, compared to the control group. Conclusion: Gestational, overt diabetes and mild gestational hyperglycemia, were all related to increased oxidative DNA damage. Diabetic pregnant women showed increased level of oxidative DNA damage, perhaps mainly due to hyperglycemia. On the other hand, oxidative DNA damage detected in women with mild gestational hyperglycemia might be associated with repercussions from obesity, hypertension and/or insulin resistance. Interestingly, the type of DNA base affected seemed to be dependent on the glycemic profile or oxidative stress. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 08/06642-6 - Evaluation of pregnant women genotoxicity with positive diagnosis of mild gestational hyperglycaemia
• Grantee: Marilza Vieira Cunha Rudge
• Support Opportunities: Regular Research Grants