Diets Containing alpha-Linolenic (omega 3) or Oleic (omega 9) Fatty Acids Rescues Obese Mice From Insulin Resistance

Author(s):Show less -

Oliveira, V. ^{[1, 2]} ; Marinho, R. ^[3] ; Vitorino, D. ^[1] ; Santos, G. A. ^[4] ; Moraes, J. C. ^[1] ; Dragano, N. ^[1] ; Sartori-Cintra, A. ^[5] ; Pereira, L. ^[3] ; Catharino, R. R. ^[4] ; da Silva, A. S. R. ^[3] ; Ropelle, E. R. ^{[3, 6]} ; Pauli, J. R. ^{[3, 6]} ; De Souza, C. T. ^[7] ; Velloso, L. A. ^[1] ; Cintra, D. E. ^{[6, 1, 5, 2]}

Affiliation

^[1] Univ Estadual Campinas, Cell Signaling, Sch Appl Sci, BR-13083887 Campinas, SP - Brazil

^[2] Labs Nutr Genom, BR-13484350 Limeira - Brazil

^[3] Univ Estadual Campinas, Mol Biol Exercise, Sch Appl Sci, BR-13083887 Campinas, SP - Brazil

^[4] Univ Estadual Campinas, Innovare, Sch Appl Sci, BR-13083887 Campinas, SP - Brazil

^[5] Univ Estadual Campinas, Nutrigen & Lipids Ctr, Sch Appl Sci, BR-13083887 Campinas, SP - Brazil

^[6] Univ Estadual Campinas, Ctr Biotechnol, Sch Appl Sci, BR-13083887 Campinas, SP - Brazil

^[7] Univ Extremo Sul Catarinense Criciuma, Hlth Sci Unit, Lab Exercise Biochem & Physiol, BR-88806000 Criciuma, SC - Brazil

• Document type: Journal article
• Source: Endocrinology; v. 156, n. 11, p. 4033-4046, NOV 2015.
• Web of Science Citations: 29

Abstract

Subclinical systemic inflammation is a hallmark of obesity and insulin resistance. The results obtained from a number of experimental studies suggest that targeting different components of the inflammatory machinery may result in the improvement of the metabolic phenotype. Unsaturated fatty acids exert antiinflammatory activity through several distinct mechanisms. Here, we tested the capacity of omega 3 and omega 9 fatty acids, directly from their food matrix, to exert antiinflammatory activity through the G protein-coupled receptor (GPR) 120 and GPR40 pathways. GPR120 was activated in liver, skeletal muscle, and adipose tissues, reverting inflammation and insulin resistance in obese mice. Part of this action was also mediated by GPR40 on muscle, as a novel mechanism described. Pair-feeding and immunoneutralization experiments reinforced the pivotal role of GPR120 as a mediator in the response to the nutrients. The improvement in insulin sensitivity in the high-fat substituted diets was associated with a marked reduction in tissue inflammation, decreased macrophage infiltration, and increased IL-10 levels. Furthermore, improved glucose homeostasis was accompanied by the reduced expression of hepatic gluconeogenic enzymes and reduced body mass. Thus, our data indicate that GPR120 and GPR40 play a critical role as mediators of the beneficial effects of dietary unsaturated fatty acids in the context of obesity-induced insulin resistance. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 12/07129-6 - W3 and W9 fatty acids as inflammatory pathway blockers through GPR120 receptor: a multi-organic approach
• Grantee: Dennys Esper Corrêa Cintra
• Support Opportunities: Research Grants - Young Investigators Grants