Environmental benefits of reducing N rates for coffee in the Cerrado

Author(s)

Pinto, Victor Meriguetti ; Bruno, Isabeli Pereira ; van Lier, Quirijn de Jong ; Dourado-Neto, Durval ; Reichardt, Klaus

• Document type: Journal article
• Source: SOIL & TILLAGE RESEARCH; v. 166, p. 76-83, MAR 2017.
• Web of Science Citations: 1

Abstract

An intensification of agriculture in the Brazilian Cerrado during the last four decades has resulted in unintended consequences such as increased groundwater and surface water pollution due to excessive N fertilization. To address these problems within a coffee (Coffea arabica L.) orchard, the process-based ANIMO model was used to simulate nitrate-nitrogen (NO3-N) leaching and plant nitrogen (N) uptake for several rates of N (200-800 kg h(-1) y(-1)). Effects of splitting N applications from three times per year to every other day were also evaluated for a Typic Hapludox within the Cerrado. Statistical analysis of ANIMO outputs showed that simulated soil solution NO3-N concentrations were in agreement with experimental measurements collected for an entire year. Simulated annual N uptake was also in agreement with average measured N uptake by the coffee plants. An evaluation of the simulation scenarios showed that: i) the most efficient N recovery was associated with N rates between 200 and 400 kg N ha(-1) y(-1) that were split into at least seven applications per year; ii) N recovery at rates between 200 and 300 kg N ha(-1) y(-1) were efficient with or without split application; and iii) the most environmentally friendly N management strategy was the application of between 200 and 300 kg N ha(-1) y(-1) using at least seven splits. Reducing the N rate from 600 to 400 kg N ha (-1) y(-1) increased plant N recovery efficiency by 8-12% and reduced NO3-N leaching by 28 to 47%. Predicted NO3-N leaching and N plant uptake results confirm that better N management strategies can be developed for coffee plantations and other crops grown in the Cerrado. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 11/22320-1 - Modeling the fate of nitrogen from urea with N-15 in fertigated culture of coffee
• Grantee: Victor Meriguetti Pinto
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Doctorate