Omega 3 Fatty Acids Reduce Bone Resorption While Promoting Bone Generation in Rat Apical Periodontitis

Author(s)

Azuma, Mariane Maffei ; Gomes-Filho, Joao Eduardo ; Ervolino, Edilson ; Pipa, Camila Barbosa ; Morais Cardoso, Carolina de Barros ; Andrada, Ana Cristina ; Kawai, Toshihisa ; Angelo Cintra, Luciano Tavares

• Document type: Journal article
• Source: JOURNAL OF ENDODONTICS; v. 43, n. 6, p. 970-976, JUN 2017.
• Web of Science Citations: 10

Abstract

Introduction: This study evaluated the effects of the dietary supplement omega 3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (omega-3 PUFAs) on pulp exposure induced apical periodontitis (AP) in rats. Methods: Twenty-eight male rats were divided into groups: control untreated rats (C), control rats treated with omega-3 PUFAs alone (C-O), rats with pulp exposure induced AP, and rats with pulp exposure induced AP treated with omega-3 PUFAs (AP-O). The w-3. PUFAs were administered orally, once a day, for 15 days before pulp exposure and, subsequently, 30 days after pulp exposure. Rats were killed 30 days after pulp exposure, and jaws were subjected to histologic and immunohistochemical analyses. Immunohistochemical analyses were performed to detect tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase positive osteoclasts and osteocalcin-positive osteoblasts on the bone surface of periapical area. Results were statistically evaluated by using analysis of variance and Tukey honestly significant difference, and P < .05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The bone resorption lesion was significantly larger in the AP group compared with AP 0, C, and C-O groups (P < .05). The level of inflammatory cell infiltration was significantly elevated, and the number of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase positive osteoclasts was significantly higher in the periapical lesions of the AP group compared with AP-O, C, and C-O groups (P < .05). The number of osteocalcin-positive osteoblasts was significantly increased in the AP-O group compared with the AP group (P > .05). Conclusions: Supplementation with omega-3 PUFAs not only suppresses bone resorption but also promotes new bone formation in the periapical area of rats with AP in conjunction with downregulation of inflammatory cell infiltration into the lesion. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 15/03054-0 - The influence of dietary supplementation with ômega-3 fatty acids in the triglyceride levels and bone resorption in Wistar rats with endodontic infection
• Grantee: Carolina de Barros Morais Cardoso
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Scientific Initiation
• FAPESP's process: 13/26390-0 - Local and systemic influence of dietary supplementation with omega - 3 in rats with endodontic infection
• Grantee: Mariane Maffei Azuma
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Doctorate