Relationship between human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) infection and chronic periodontitis

Author(s)

Polvora, Tabata Larissa S. ^[1] ; Nobre, Atila Vinicius V. ^[2] ; Tirapelli, Camila ^[3] ; Taba, Jr., Mario ^[2] ; de Macedo, Leandro Dorigan ^[4] ; Santana, Rodrigo Carvalho ^[5] ; Pozzetto, Bruno ^[6] ; Lourenco, Alan Grupioni ^[7] ; Motta, Ana Carolina F. ^[7]

Affiliation

^[1] Univ Sao Paulo, Sch Dent, Dept Stomatol, Sao Paulo - Brazil

^[2] Univ Sao Paulo, Sch Dent Ribeirao Preto, Dept Oral & Maxillofacial Surg & Periodontol, Ribeirao Preto - Brazil

^[3] Univ Sao Paulo, Sch Dent Ribeirao Preto, Dept Dent Mat & Prosthesis, Ribeirao Preto - Brazil

^[4] Univ Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto Med Sch, Div Dent & Stomatol, Clin Hosp, Ribeirao Preto - Brazil

^[5] Univ Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto Med Sch, Dept Internal Med, Ribeirao Preto - Brazil

^[6] Univ Lyon, GIMAP, EA 3064, St Etienne - France

^[7] Univ Sao Paulo, Sch Dent Ribeirao Preto, Dept Stomatol Publ Oral Hlth & Forens Dent, Ave Cafe S-N, BR-14040904 Ribeirao Preto - Brazil

• Document type: Review article
• Source: EXPERT REVIEW OF CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY; v. 14, n. 4, p. 315-327, 2018.
• Web of Science Citations: 1

Abstract

Introduction: Current studies show that, even in the era of antiretroviral therapies, HIV-1 infection is associated with more severe and frequent refractory chronic periodontitis.Areas covered: This review, based on a systematic analysis of the literature, intends to provide an update on factors that may be involved in the pathogenesis of periodontal disease in HIV-1-infected patients, including local immunosuppression, oral microbial factors, systemic inflammation, salivary markers, and the role of gingival tissue as a possible reservoir of HIV-1.Expert commentary: The therapeutic revolution of ART made HIV-1 infection a chronic controllable disease, reduced HIV-1 mortality rate, restored at least partially the immune response and dramatically increased life expectancy of HIV-1-infected patients. Despite all these positive aspects, chronic periodontitis assumes an important role in the HIV-1 infection status for activating systemic inflammation favoring viral replication and influencing HIV-1 status, and also acting as a possible reservoir of HIV-1. All these issues still need to be clarified and validated, but have important clinical implications that certainly will benefit the diagnosis and management of chronic periodontitis in HIV-1-infected patients, and also contributes to HIV-1 eradication. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 10/18246-8 - Clinical and laboratorial profile of the HIV-infected patients refered to DAPE-FORP-USP project during the period from 2005 to 2010.
• Grantee: Danieli Cristina da Silva
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Scientific Initiation
• FAPESP's process: 16/22476-5 - Influence of periodontal treatment on the levels of oral inflammatory markers in HIV-infected patients
• Grantee: Vanessa de Oliveira Teles
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Scientific Initiation