| Full text | |
| Author(s): Show less - |
Bedell, Megan
[1, 2]
;
Bean, Jacob L.
[1]
;
Melendez, Jorge
[3]
;
Spina, Lorenzo
[3, 4]
;
Ramirez, Ivan
[5]
;
Asplund, Martin
[6]
;
Alves-Brito, Alan
[7]
;
dos Santos, Leonardo
[3, 8]
;
Dreizler, Stefan
[9]
;
Yong, David
[6]
;
Monroe, TalaWanda
[10]
;
Casagrande, Luca
[6]
Total Authors: 12
|
| Affiliation: | [1] Univ Chicago, Dept Astron & Astrophys, 5640 S Ellis Ave, Chicago, IL 60637 - USA
[2] Flatiron Inst, Ctr Computat Astrophys, 162 5th Ave, New York, NY 10010 - USA
[3] Univ Sao Paulo, Dept Astron IAG USP, Rua Matao 1226, Cidade Univ, BR-05508900 Sao Paulo, SP - Brazil
[4] Monash Univ, Sch Phys & Astron, Monash Ctr Astrophys, Clayton, Vic 3800 - Australia
[5] Tacoma Community Coll, 6501 South 19th St, Tacoma, WA 98466 - USA
[6] Australian Natl Univ, Res Sch Astron & Astrophys, Cotter Rd, Canberra, ACT 2611 - Australia
[7] Univ Fed Rio Grande do Sul, Inst Fis, Av Bento Goncalves 9500, Porto Alegre, RS - Brazil
[8] Observ Univ Geneve, 51 Chemin Maillettes, CH-1290 Versoix - Switzerland
[9] Georg August Univ, Inst Astrophys, Friedrich Hund Pl 1, D-37077 Gottingen - Germany
[10] Space Telescope Sci Inst, 3700 San Martin Dr, Baltimore, MD 21218 - USA
Total Affiliations: 10
|
| Document type: | Journal article |
| Source: | ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL; v. 865, n. 1 SEP 20 2018. |
| Web of Science Citations: | 21 |
| Abstract | |
The compositions of stars are a critical diagnostic tool for many topics in astronomy such as the evolution of our Galaxy, the formation of planets, and the uniqueness of the Sun. Previous spectroscopic measurements indicate a large intrinsic variation in the elemental abundance patterns of stars with similar overall metal content. However, systematic errors arising from inaccuracies in stellar models are known to be a limiting factor in such studies, and thus it is uncertain to what extent the observed diversity of stellar abundance patterns is real. Here we report the abundances of 30 elements with precisions of 2% for 79 Sun-like stars within 100 pc. Systematic errors are minimized in this study by focusing on solar twin stars and performing a line-by-line differential analysis using high-resolution, high-signal-to-noise spectra. We resolve {[}X/Fe] abundance trends in galactic chemical evolution at precisions of 10-3 dex Gyr-1 and reveal that stars with similar ages and metallicities have nearly identical abundance patterns. Contrary to previous results, we find that the ratios of carbon-to-oxygen and magnesium-tosilicon in solar-metallicity stars are homogeneous to within 10% throughout the solar neighborhood, implying that exoplanets may exhibit much less compositional diversity than previously thought. Finally, we demonstrate that the Sun has a subtle deficiency in refractory material relative to > 80% of solar twins ( at 2s confidence), suggesting a possible signpost for planetary systems like our own. (AU) | |
| FAPESP's process: | 14/15706-9 - Differential abundances in solar-type stars: implications for planets formation and stellar nucleosynthesis |
| Grantee: | Lorenzo Spina |
| Support Opportunities: | Scholarships in Brazil - Post-Doctoral |
| FAPESP's process: | 12/24392-2 - High precision spectroscopy: impact in the study of planets, stars, the galaxy and cosmology |
| Grantee: | Jorge Luis Melendez Moreno |
| Support Opportunities: | Research Projects - Thematic Grants |