Human visceral leishmaniasis and relationship with vector and canine control measures

Author(s)

Carneiro Castro Costa, Danielle Nunes ^[1] ; Moralejo Bermudi, Patricia Marques ^[1] ; Colebrusco Rodas, Lilian Aparecida ^[2] ; Nunes, Caris Maroni ^[3] ; Hiramoto, Roberto Mitsuyoshi ^[4] ; Tolezano, Jose Eduardo ^[4] ; Cipriano, Rafael Silva ^[5] ; Diniz Cardoso, Graziela Candido ^[5] ; Codeco, Claudia Torres ^[6] ; Chiaravalloti-Neto, Francisco ^[7]

Affiliation

^[1] Univ Sao Paulo, Fac Saude Publ, Programa Posgrad Saude Publ, Sao Paulo, SP - Brazil

^[2] Superintendencia Controle Endemias, Serv Reg 9, Aracatuba, SP - Brazil

^[3] Univ Estadual Paulista, Fac Med Vet Aracatuba, Dept Apoio Prod & Saude Anim, Lab Bioquim & Biol Mol, Aracatuba, SP - Brazil

^[4] Adolfo Lutz Inst, Nucleo Parasitoses Sistem, Sao Paulo, SP - Brazil

^[5] Prefeitura Municipal Aracatuba, Secretaria Municipal Saude, Ctr Controle Zoonoses, Aracatuba, SP - Brazil

^[6] Fundacao Oswaldo Cruz, Programa Comp Cient, Rio De Janeiro, RJ - Brazil

^[7] Univ Sao Paulo, Fac Saude Publ, Dept Epidemiol, Ave Doutor Arnaldo 715, BR-01246904 Sao Paulo, SP - Brazil

• Document type: Journal article
• Source: Revista de Saúde Pública; v. 52, 2018.
• Web of Science Citations: 1

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: Estimate the coverage of control measures of visceral leishmaniasis and relate them with the occurrence of human visceral leishmaniasis in endemic urban area. METHODS: Cases of human and canine visceral leishmaniasis were considered as study population and evaluated by a serological survey conducted in Aracatuba, state Sao Paulo, from 2007 to 2015. The cases of human visceral leishmaniasis were geocoded by the address of the patients and the canine disease by the address of the dogs' owners. The coverage of serological survey, euthanasia, and insecticide spraying was calculated, as well as the canine seroprevalence and the incidence rates of human visceral leishmaniasis. The relationship between human visceral leishmaniasis and control measures was evaluated, as well as the seroprevalence by comparing maps and by linear regression. The relationship between the canine and the human disease was also evaluated by the Ripley's K function. RESULTS: The incidence rates of human visceral leishmaniasis showed a period of decline (2007 to 2009) and a period of stability (2010 to 2015), a behavior similar to that of canine seroprevalence. In general, the coverage of control measures was low, and the non-association with the incidence of human visceral leishmaniasis can be a result of the period analyzed and of the small number of analyzed units (sectors of the Superintendence for the Control of Endemic Diseases). The distribution of human cases showed spatial dependence with the distribution of seropositive dogs from 2007 to 2009. CONCLUSIONS: This study reaffirmed the relationship between the occurrence of the disease in humans and dogs, it verified a decrease in the rates of visceral leishmaniasis in Aracatuba over time, even at low coverage of control activities. However, further studies are needed to determine if factors beyond monitoring and control measures are involved in the reduction of incidences. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 14/06518-4 - Survey of American Visceral Leishmaniasis control's actions in Araçatuba and Birigüi cities using dynamic's transmission models
• Grantee: Danielle Nunes Carneiro Castro Costa
• Support type: Scholarships in Brazil - Doctorate