Body Composition Changes and 10-Year Mortality Risk in Older Brazilian Adults: Analysis of Prospective Data from the SABE Study

Author(s)

de Almeida Roediger, M. ^[1] ; de Fatima Nunes Marucci, M. ^[2] ; Quintiliano Scarpelli Dourado, D. A. ^[3] ; de Oliveira, C. ^[4] ; Licio Ferreira Santos, J. ^[5] ; de Oliveira Duarte, Y. A. ^[6]

Affiliation

^[1] Univ Sao Paulo, Sch Publ Hlth, Sao Paulo - Brazil

^[2] Univ Sao Paulo, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Nutr, Sao Paulo - Brazil

^[3] Univ Desarrollo UDD, Nutr & Dietet Sch, Santiago - Chile

^[4] UCL, Dept Epidemiol & Publ Hlth, London - England

^[5] Univ Sao Paulo, Dept Social Med, Ribeirao Preto - Brazil

^[6] Univ Sao Paulo, Dept Nursing Med Surg, Sao Paulo - Brazil

• Document type: Journal article
• Source: Journal of Nutrition Health & Aging; v. 23, n. 1, p. 51-59, JAN 2019.
• Web of Science Citations: 0

Abstract

IntroductionAging related alterations in body composition are associated with higher all-cause mortality risk.ObjectiveTo examine the associations between 10-year mortality risk with both BMI and body composition, as well as to establish whether these relationships are modified by age and gender, using data from community-dwelling older Brazilian adults.MethodsWe used data from two waves i.e., 2000 and 2010 of the SABE (Health, Well-being, and Aging) study conducted in SAo Paulo, Brazil, involving a probabilistic sample of community-dwelling older adults aged 60 years and older. The variables of the study were: mortality (in 10-year follow-up period), body mass index (BMI), body composition (waist circumference, waist hip ratio, triceps skinfold thickness, mid-upper arm circumference, calf circumference, and arm muscle area) and covariables (sociodemographic characteristics, life style, self-reported health conditions, number of chronic diseases, Mini mental state exam, and Geriatric depression scale). Poisson regression estimates with STATA statistical software were used for statistical analyses, considering all p-values < 0.05.ResultsOver the 10-year follow-up period, there were 769 deaths (40.2%). The mortality rate was 61.0 for men and 111.8 for the 80 age group. In the fully adjusted model, statistically significant hazard ratios were found for low muscle mass (IRR: 1.33), underweight (IRR: 1.29), and low fat mass (IRR: 1.31) with mortality. Men in extreme BMI categories (underweight - IRR: 1.47; obesity I - IRR: 1.66; and obesity II - IRR: 1.91) and women with low muscle and low fat mass were significantly associated with mortality risk. In the 80 age group it was observed that low muscle mass (IRR: 168.7), inadequate body reserves (IRR: 1.63), low fat mass (IRR: 140.7), and underweight (IRR: 142.9) were associated with mortality risk. Waist circumference demonstrated protection for mortality in the high-risk categorization for the 80 age group.ConclusionOur results showed that underweight, low fat mass, and low muscle mass were associated with mortality risk, presenting different roles considering gender and age in older Brazilian adults over a 10-year follow-up period. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 05/54947-2 - SABE study - 2005: well-being and ageing: longitudinal study of living conditions and health of elderly in the municipality of São Paulo
• Grantee: Ruy Laurenti
• Support Opportunities: Research Projects - Thematic Grants
• FAPESP's process: 09/53778-3 - SABE Study 2010: Health, well-being and aging
• Grantee: Maria Lúcia Lebrão
• Support Opportunities: Research Projects - Thematic Grants
• FAPESP's process: 15/15224-7 - Effects of serum levels of cardiometabolic, hormonal, inflammatory and nutritional biomarkers on the body composition in different cohorts of Brazilian older people domiciled
• Grantee: Manuela de Almeida Roediger
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Post-Doctoral