The effect of orthodontic separator and short-term fixed orthodontic appliance on inflammatory mediators and somatosensory function

Author(s)

Sampaio, Fernanda A. ^{[1, 2]} ; Sampaio, Claudine R. A. ^[3] ; Cunha, Carolina O. ^{[1, 4]} ; Costa, Yuri M. ^{[1, 5, 6]} ; Alencar, Phillipe N. B. ^[7] ; Bonjardim, Leonardo R. ^{[1, 5]} ; Garib, Daniela ^[8] ; Garlet, Gustavo P. ^[9] ; Eliav, Eli ^[10] ; Conti, Paulo C. R. ^{[1, 11]}

Affiliation:Show less -

^[1] Univ Sao Paulo, Bauru Orofacial Pain Grp, Bauru - Brazil

^[2] Univ Ctr Christus, Dept Prosthodont, Fortaleza, Ceara - Brazil

^[3] Dent Specialty Ctr CEO, Fortaleza, Ceara - Brazil

^[4] Univ Sagrado Coracao, Hlth Sci Ctr, Bauru - Brazil

^[5] Univ Sao Paulo, Bauru Sch Dent, Sect Head & Face Physiol, Dept Biol Sci, Bauru - Brazil

^[6] Univ Estadual Campinas, Piracicaba Dent Sch, Dept Physiol Sci, FOP, UNICAMP, Piracicaba, SP - Brazil

^[7] Univ Ctr Christus, Dept Radiol, Fortaleza, Ceara - Brazil

^[8] Univ Sao Paulo, Bauru Dent Sch, Dept Orthodont, Bauru - Brazil

^[9] Univ Sao Paulo, Sch Dent Bauru, Dept Biol Sci, FOB, Bauru, SP - Brazil

^[10] Univ Rochester, Med Ctr, Eastman Inst Oral Hlth, Rochester, NY 14642 - USA

^[11] Univ Sao Paulo, Bauru Dent Sch, Dept Prosthodont, Bauru - Brazil

• Document type: Journal article
• Source: Journal of Oral Rehabilitation; v. 46, n. 3, p. 257-267, MAR 2019.
• Web of Science Citations: 0

Abstract

Background Although inflammation can alter cytokines release and nerve function, it is not yet fully established if orthodontic-induced inflammation can cause significant extraoral trigeminal somatosensory alterations and release of inflammatory chemical mediators. Objective The primary aim of this study was to investigate the impact of orthodontic separator and short-term fixed orthodontic appliance on the extraoral trigeminal somatosensory function and concentrations of cytokines in the gingival crevicular fluid (GCF). Methods Twenty-two female patients were evaluated as follow: baseline, 24 hour-after elastomeric separator (-aES), 24 hour- and 1 month-after bonding brackets (-aBB) at both arches. The outcome variables were as follows: self-reported pain (Visual Analog Scale), QSTs (current perception threshold-CPT, cold detection threshold-CDT, warm detection threshold-WDT, mechanical detection threshold-MDT, mechanical suprathreshold-MST and wind-up ratio-WUR. All QSTs were performed at infra-orbital and mental nerve entry zone at patient`s dominant side. In addition, GCF samples in order to assess cytokines profile (IL-1 beta,IL-8,IL-6 and TNF-alpha) were collected. ANOVA and Tukey's post hoc analyses were performed (a = 5%). Results Patients reported higher pain intensity 24 hour-aBB compared to baseline and 24 hour-aES (P < 0.050). Patients were less sensitive to pin-prick pain (MST) at 24 hour-aBB and 1 month-aBB compared to baseline (P < 0.006). Significant increases in IL-6 levels were observed 24 hour-aBB (P < 0.001). Multiple comparison analysis showed significant increase in IL-1 beta levels (P < 0.001) and TNF-alpha (P < 0.001) 1 month-aBB compared to baseline. Conclusion Elastomeric separators only induced mild pain and were not able to significantly increase proinflammatory cytokines level in the GCF. In addition, orthodontic fixed appliance may induce only minor somatosensory changes at extraoral trigeminal locations. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 14/18741-0 - Evaluation of painful, inflammation and somatosensory alteration in patients during orthodontic treatment: a controlled study
• Grantee: Fernanda Araújo Sampaio
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Doctorate
• FAPESP's process: 15/09913-4 - The effect of cutaneous afferents in the mechanical somatosensory profile of masticatory myofascial pain.
• Grantee: Yuri Martins Costa
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Post-Doctoral