Retrograde and oscillatory shear rate in young anabolic androgenic steroid users

Author(s):Show less -

de Souza, Francis Ribeiro ^[1] ; Kluser Sales, Allan Robson ^[1] ; Dos Santos, Marcelo Rodrigues ^[1] ; Porello, Rafael Armani ^[1] ; Peixoto da Fonseca, Guilherme Wesley ^[1] ; Carrari Sayegh, Ana Luiza ^[1] ; Battaglia Filho, Antonio Carlos ^[1] ; Rodrigues Pereira, Rosa Maria ^[2] ; Takayama, Liliam ^[2] ; de Oliveira, Tiago Franco ^[3] ; Yonamine, Mauricio ^[4] ; Negrao, Carlos Eduardo ^[1] ; de Nazare Nunes Alves, Maria Janieire ^[1]

Affiliation

^[1] Univ Sao Paulo, Heart Inst Incor, Sch Med, Sao Paulo, SP - Brazil

^[2] Univ Sao Paulo, Bone Lab Metab, Rheumatol, Sch Med, Sao Paulo - Brazil

^[3] Fed Univ Hlth Sci Porto Alegre, Pharmacosci Dept, Porto Alegre, RS - Brazil

^[4] Univ Sao Paulo, Fac Pharmaceut Sci, Toxicol, Sao Paulo - Brazil

• Document type: Journal article
• Source: SCANDINAVIAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINE & SCIENCE IN SPORTS; v. 29, n. 3, p. 422-429, MAR 2019.
• Web of Science Citations: 2

Abstract

Disturbed shear rate (SR), characterized by increased retrograde and oscillatory SR in the brachial artery, is associated with inflammation, atherosclerosis, endothelial dysfunction, and sympathetic hyperactivity. Young subjects do not have disturbed SR; however, elderly subjects do, which seems to be associated with sympathetic hyperactivity. Anabolic androgenic steroids (AAS) abuse in young is associated with increased muscle sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA). We hypothesized that AAS users might have disturbed SR. We tested the association between retrograde and oscillatory SR with MSNA. In addition, we measured the high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP). We evaluated 10 male AAS users, age 27 +/- 4 years, and 10 age-matched AAS nonusers, age 29 +/- 5 years. At rest, retrograde and oscillatory SR were evaluated by Doppler ultrasound, MSNA was measured with microneurography, and hs-CRP was measured in blood sample. Flow-mediated dilation (FMD) was also assessed. AAS users had higher retrograde SR (24.42 +/- 17.25 vs 9.15 +/- 6.62 s(-1), P = 0.01), oscillatory SR (0.22 +/- 0.13 vs 0.09 +/- 0.07 au P = 0.01), and MSNA (42 +/- 9 vs 32 +/- 4 bursts/100 heart beats, P = 0.018) than nonusers. MSNA (bursts/100 heart beats) was correlated with retrograde SR (r = 0.50, P = 0.050) and oscillatory SR (r = 0.51, P = 0.042). AAS users had higher hs-CRP {[}1.17 (0.44-3.63) vs 0.29 (0.17-0.70) mg/L, P = 0.015] and decreased FMD (6.42 +/- 2.07 vs 8.28% +/- 1.53%, P = 0.035) than nonusers. In conclusion, AAS abuse is associated with retrograde and oscillatory SR which were associated with augmented sympathetic outflow. In addition, AAS seems to lead to inflammation characterized by increased hs-CRP. These alterations may have the potential of increasing the early risk of atherosclerotic disease in young AAS users. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 12/10527-3 - Impact of self-administrating anabolic androgenic on cardiovascular system
• Grantee: Maria Janieire de Nazaré Nunes Alves
• Support Opportunities: Regular Research Grants