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(Reference retrieved automatically from Web of Science through information on FAPESP grant and its corresponding number as mentioned in the publication by the authors.)

Two sporulated Bacillus enhance immunity in Galleria mellonella protecting against Candida albicans

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Author(s):
de Barros, Patricia Pimentel [1] ; Rossoni, Rodnei Dennis [1] ; Ribeiro, Felipe de Camargo [1] ; Silva, Michelle Peneluppi [1] ; de Souza, Cheyenne Marcal [1] ; Cardoso Jorge, Antonio Olavo [1] ; Junqueira, Juliana Campos [1]
Total Authors: 7
Affiliation:
[1] Sao Paulo State Univ Unesp, Inst Sci & Technol, Dept Biosci & Oral Diag, Ave Engenheiro Francisco Jose Longo 777, BR-12245000 Sao Jose Dos Campos, SP - Brazil
Total Affiliations: 1
Document type: Journal article
Source: Microbial Pathogenesis; v. 132, p. 335-342, JUL 2019.
Web of Science Citations: 0
Abstract

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus atrophaeus on Galleria mellonella immunity challenged by Candida albicans. Firstly, we analyzed the susceptibility of G. mellonella to bacilli (vegetative and sporulating forms). It was found that both vegetative and sporulating forms were not pathogenic to G. mellonella at a concentration of 1 x 10(4) cells/larva. Next, larvae were pretreated with two species of Bacillus, in the vegetative and sporulating forms, and then challenged with C. albicans. In addition, the gene expression of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) such as Gallerimycin, Gloverin, Cecropin-D and Galiomicin was investigated. Survival rates increased in the Bacillus treated larvae compared with control larvae inoculated with C. albicans only. Cells and spores of Bacillus spp. upregulated Gloverin, Galiomicin and Gallerimycin genes in relation to the control group (PBS + PBS). When these larvae were infected with C. albicans, the group pretreated with spores of B. atrophaeus and B. subtilis showed a greater increase in expression of Galiomycin (49.08-fold and 13.50-fold) and Gallerimycin (27.88-fold and 68.15-fold), respectively, compared to the group infected with C. albicans only (p = 0.0001). After that, we investigated the effects of B. subtilis and B. atrophaeus on immune system of G. mellonella evaluating the number of hemocytes, quantification of melanization, cocoon formation and colony forming units (CFU) count. Hemocyte count increased in response to stimulation by Bacillus, and a higher increase was achieved when larvae were inoculated with B. subtilis spores (p = 0.0011). In the melanization assay, all groups tested demonstrated lower production of melanin compared to that in the phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) group. In addition, full cocoon formation was observed in all groups analyzed, which corresponded to a healthier wax worm. Hemolymph culture revealed higher growth of B. atrophaeus and B. subtilis in the groups inoculated with spores. We concluded that spores and cells of B. atrophaeus and B. subtilis stimulated the immune system of G. mellonella larvae and protected them of C. albicans infection. (AU)

FAPESP's process: 17/19219-3 - Identification of bioactive substances produced by Lactobacillus paracasei 28.4 for the control of oral candidiasis
Grantee:Rodnei Dennis Rossoni
Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Post-Doctoral
FAPESP's process: 17/02652-6 - Evaluation of the immunomodulatory and antifungal effects of caffeic acid (CA), caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) and artepillin C (ARC) on C. albicans and development of candidiasis in in vivo model hosts
Grantee:Patrícia Pimentel de Barros
Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Post-Doctoral