Harmful effects of cocaine byproduct in the reproduction of sea urchin in different ocean acidification scenarios

Author(s)

Souza, Lorena da Silva ^[1] ; Pusceddu, Fabio Hermes ^[2] ; Cortez, Fernando Sanzi ^[2] ; de Orte, Manoela Romano ^[3] ; Seabra, Alessandra Aloise ^[2] ; Cesar, Augusto ^{[2, 3]} ; Ribeiro, Daniel Araki ^[3] ; Del Valls Casillas, Tomas Angel ^[2] ; Seabra Pereira, Camilo Dias ^{[2, 3]}

Affiliation

^[1] Univ Cadiz, Fac Marine & Environm Sci, UNESCO UNITWIN WiCop, Dept Physicochem, Aquat Syst Res Grp, Cadiz - Spain

^[2] Santa Cecilia Univ UNISANTA, Dept Ecotoxicol, Sao Paulo - Brazil

^[3] Fed Univ Sao Paulo UNIFESP, Dept Marine Sci, Sao Paulo - Brazil

• Document type: Journal article
• Source: Chemosphere; v. 236, DEC 2019.
• Web of Science Citations: 0

Abstract

This study has as main objective assessing the toxicity of crack-cocaine combined with different scenarios of ocean acidification on fertilization rate and embryo-larval development of Echinometra lucunter sea urchin. Effects on early life stages were assessed at five different concentrations (6,25 mg.L-1; 12,5 mg.L-1; 25 mg.L-1; 50 mg.L-1 and 100 mg.L-1) of crack-cocaine at four different pH values (8.5; 8.0; 7.5; 7.0). The pH values were achieved using two different methodologies: adding hydrochloric acid (HCI) and injecting carbon dioxide (CO2). The fertilization test did not show significant differences (p <= 0.05) compared with control sample at pH values 8.5; 8.0 and 7.5. Results of embryo-larval assays showed a half maximal effective concentration (EC50) of crack-cocaine at pH values tested (8.5, 8.0, 7.5) as 58.83, 10.67 and 11.58 mg/L-1 for HCl acidification and 58.83, 23.28 and 12.57 mg/L-1 for CO2 enrichment. At pH 7.0 the effects observed in fertilization rate and embryo development were associated with the acidification. This study is the first ecotoxicological assessment of illicit drug toxicity in aquatic ecosystems at different ocean acidification scenarios. (C) 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. (AU)

• FAPESP's process: 18/18456-4 - EVALUATION OF TOXICITY OF CRACK/COCAINE TO MARINE ORGANISMS EXPOSED TO DIFFERENT SCENARIOS OF ACIDIFICATION BY ENRICHMENT OF CO2.
• Grantee: Tomas Angel Del Valls Casillas
• Support Opportunities: Regular Research Grants
• FAPESP's process: 14/22273-1 - ASSESSING THE BIOAVAILABILITY OF CONTAMINANTS IN MARINE SEDIMENTS ASSOCIATED WITH CO2 LEAKAGES
• Grantee: Manoela Romanó de Orte
• Support Opportunities: Scholarships in Brazil - Post-Doctoral
• FAPESP's process: 15/17329-0 - Ecotoxicological study and environmental risk assessment of illicit drugs in marine ecosystems
• Grantee: Camilo Dias Seabra Pereira
• Support Opportunities: Regular Research Grants